吉林省西部土地利用格局变化图谱与驱动力分析  

Analysis on TUPU and Driving Force of Land Use Pattern Change in the Western Jilin Province

作　　者：马海超[1] 刘吉平[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第2期193-199,346,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-12);吉林省科技厅项目(20130101097JC);吉林省教育厅项目(吉教科合字2013第201号)

摘　　要：基于地学信息图谱分析理论,运用地理信息系统技术与马尔柯夫空间概率模型,以吉林省西部1980年,1995年,2010年3期土地利用数据为基础,构建土地利用格局变化图谱。结果表明,1980—2010年吉林省西部地区土地利用格局发生显著变化:耕地大幅度增加,净增5 552.3km2,其主要由草地、沙地、盐碱地、湿地转化而来,转化而来的耕地呈条块状分布在研究区域中东部及西北部;草地大幅度减少,净减3 708.3km2,主要转化为耕地、林地、沙地及盐碱地,占区域总面积的7.9%,草地转出部分主要分布在研究区域中西部及西北部;居民和工矿用地增加,净增加区域主要分布在研究区的城镇周边及矿区;水域和未利用土地波动变化,变化区域分布在研究区东北部和中南部;湿地也呈显著减少的趋势,转出区域主要分布在研究区东北部和西南部。与常规转移矩阵法相比,地学信息图谱方法在土地利用变化方面有着明显优势,能够展示研究区的空间位置分布,表达出多维空间信息。This research compounded a series of land use pattern change TUPU based on the geographic infor- mation TUPU analytic methods, using GIS and Markon model of space probability, spatial data covering three periods from 1980, 1995 to 2010 in the western Jilin Province. The result showed that great changes had taken place on the land-use pattern in the western Jilin Province from 1980 to 2010, resulting in greatly increase of farmland with a net increase of 5 552.3 km2 , mainly converted from grassland, sandy soil, saline and alkaline soil, wetland and mainly distributed in the form of strip and block in mideast and northwest in the study area~ grassland decreased by 3 708.3 km2 accounting for 7.9% of the total area. mainly cultivated as farmland and woodland, sandy soil, saline and alkaline soil and mainly distributed in midwest and northwest of the study area~ residential and industrial area greatly increased, mainly distributed in the study area and mining area around the town~ undulate change of water area and other useless land distributed in northeast and center of study area; wetland gradually decreased and mainly distributed in northeast and southeast of the study area. Compared with conventional tansfer matrix method, geographic information TUPU advanced in analyzing land-use change, thus demonstrating the spatial distribution of study region and displaying the multi-dimentional spatial information.

关 键 词：地学信息图谱 吉林省西部 GIS 土地利用 

分 类 号：S19[农业科学—农业基础科学]