自治区自治条例所涉自治立法权问题研究  

On the Right of the Legislative Autonomy in Autonomous Regulations in Autonomous Regions

作　　者：彭建军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学 [2]<中南民族大学学报>编辑部

出　　处：《民族研究》2015年第2期15-27,123-124,共13页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“影响民族区域自治制度发展的若干理论问题研究”(项目编号:10BMZ005)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：自治区自治条例的制定是实施民族区域自治制度、实现自治权的重要形式,因而在近年来的民族法制体系规划中都将自治区自治条例作为主要内容和阶段性目标。自治区自治条例的制定权,属于《宪法》规定的民族自治地方应有的自治权,但却是附条件的地方立法权和自治权。依据我国《宪法》、《立法法》、《全国人民代表大会组织法》等的规定,自治区自治条例需要自治区制定草案、上报批准,因此,自治区自治条例制定权具有中央与自治区共有立法权之特点。自治区自治条例的制定,应在我国社会主义法律体系下考虑中央、地方、民族等因素,在明确条例制定的必要性、辨析与其他法律规范关系、充分考虑各方利益的基础上稳步推进。应建立三种立法工作机制:一是以全国人大常委会为主导的领导机制,二是以国务院为主导的工作协调机制,三是以自治区为主导的草案制定机制;自上而下与自下而上互相结合、互动协作、三位一体的立法工作机制,将使自治区自治条例的制定工作有更强的执行力。The formulation of autonomous regulations in autonomous regions is not only an important form of implement of the System of Regional National Autonomy and realization of the autonomous right,but also the main content and the stage goal in the construction of the ethnic legal system in recent years.On the one hand,the right of formulation of autonomous regulations belongs to the autonomous right of ethnic autonomous areas endowed by Chinese Constitution;on the other hand,it is also the local legislative right and autonomous right with additional conditions.According to the regulations put forward by Constitution,Legislative Law,National People's Congress Organization Law,and so on,autonomous regulations in autonomous regions need to formulate the draft and then to be approved.So,the right of formulation of the autonomous regulations is a shared legislative right,which includes the central and local legislative right.Under the Chinese socialist constitutional government system,central,local and ethnic factors should be taken into account.It is imperative to make a steady progress for the formulation of autonomous regulations in autonomous regions on the basis of the clear definition of the relationship between autonomous regulations and other laws(including regulations),as well as the serious consideration of the interests of all aspects.Three legislative work mechanisms may be considered:the leading mechanism guided by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress;the work coordination mechanism guided by the State Council;the draft formulation mechanism guided by autonomous regions.As a matter of fact,it is necessary to form an integration of those three mechanisms through their interaction and cooperation in order to realize a stronger executive right in the formulation of autonomous regulations.

关 键 词：自治区自治条例 批准权 自治立法权 共有立法权 

分 类 号：D921.8[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]