新疆普通核桃起源研究  

Preliminary Study on the Origin of Walnuts( Juglans regia L. ) in Xinjiang

作　　者：王国安[1] 阿卜杜许库尔.牙合甫 张强[1] 黄闽敏[1] 耿文娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,乌鲁木齐830063 [2]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第3期572-579,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区"十二五"科技重大专项课题"新疆特色果树种质资源利用技术研究与示范"(201130102-1)

摘　　要：【目的】通过SSR技术分析新疆核桃不同地理类群间亲缘关系,探讨新疆核桃的起源,为进一步保护、开发新疆核桃种质资源、新品种选育及引种提供科学参考依据。【方法】通过改良CTAB法从硅胶干燥核桃叶片中提取DNA,建立SSR反应体系,研究新疆核桃的12个主要地理类群和1个伊犁野核桃类群以及1个吉尔吉斯野核桃类群进行亲缘关系及遗传多样性。【结果】从20对引物中筛选出的15对引物共扩增出128个清晰可重复的条带,其中51条具有多态性,多态位点百分率为39.84%,表明供试材料具有一定的多态位点。Nei＇s遗传一致度（I）范围在0.784 3-0.934 6,平均为0.850 7,遗传距离（D）范围在0.059-0.191 3,平均为0.118 0,说明所采集的核桃样品存在一定的遗传差异。【结论】根据14个地理类群的遗传相似系数进行聚类,将其分成2大类：一是以伊犁野核桃（10号）为中心起源的阿克苏早实核桃类群;二是以吉尔吉斯野核桃（12号）为中心起源的喀什、和田晚实核桃类群。【Objective】This experiment is designed to investigate the origin and genetic relationship of walnut（ Juglans regia L.） in Xinjiang by using SSR technology. The result might provide scientific reference for further protection and development of the walnut germplasm,and breeding and introduction of some new varieties.【Method】This experiment built SSR reaction system by using modified CTAB method for DNA extraction for molecular markers on genetic relationship and genetic diversity from silica-dried leaf in walnut,which included 12 major geographic types in Xinjiang walnuts and two wild types from Ili（ Xinjiang） and Kyrgyzstan. 【Result】In this experiment,15 pairs of primers were selected and then 128 clear and repeatable bands were amplified,among which 51 were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic site was 39. 84%.This indicated that the test material had a certain polymorphic site,but not rich polymorphism. Nei＇s genetic identity（ I） was in the range of 0. 784,3-0. 934,6,and the average was 0. 850,7; The genetic distance（ D）was in the range of 0. 059-0. 191,3,and the average was 0. 118,0. All of these showed that there were genet-ic differences in samples.【Conclusion】The 14 geographical groups were divided into two categories by genetic similarity coefficient： first, Aksu early breading walnut groups as the Ili wild walnut center of origin（ No. 10）,the second,Kaxkar and Hotan walnut groups as the Kyrgyzstan wild walnut center of origin（ No. 12）.

关 键 词：新疆核桃 SSR(Simple SEQUENCE Repeat) 亲缘关系 起源 

分 类 号：S188[农业科学—农业基础科学] S664.1