减速标线视觉减速有效性实验研究  

Evaluation of the Visual Effectiveness of Speed Reduction Markings

作　　者：赵晓华[1] 单静涛 丁罕[1] 荣建[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城市交通学院,北京100124 [2]柏诚工程技术有限公司,北京100027

出　　处：《道路交通与安全》2015年第2期1-5,10,共6页Road Traffic & Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目;交通标志对驾驶行为作用机理及其认知行为量化模型的研究(51108011)

摘　　要：依托驾驶模拟实验,在虚拟场景中设计纵向减速标线和无震动感横向减速标线,采集车辆运行状态、驾驶员注视行为和操控行为数据并进行处理和分析,验证减速标线的视觉减速有效性.分析结果表明,纵向减速标线和无震动感横向减速标线对驾驶员的视觉特征均具有一定的影响;纵向减速标线和无震动感横向减速标线对车辆运行状态没有显著影响,但对驾驶员从减速意识到减速决策的转化具有显著的促进作用,尤其无震动感横向减速标线对驾驶员减速意识的影响大于纵向减速标线.结果表明,在道路纵坡为1.7%的双向八车道城市快速路虚拟场景中,纵向减速标线和无震动感横向减速标线具有一定的视觉减速有效性.Through experiments in a driving simulator,eye tracking devices are used to collect vehicle operation,drivers＇ fixation and driving behavior data. Data are processed and analyzed to verify the visual effectiveness of Longitudinal Speed Reduction Markings（ LSRMs） and Transverse Speed Reduction Markings（ TSRMs） which could not produce vibration feelings. Analysis results of eye movement data showed that there were some effects on drivers＇ visual characteristics of LSRMs and TSRMs without vibration. Although LSRMs and the TSRMs without vibration did not have significant effects on vehicle operation, both could positively influence the transition from driver＇s deceleration awareness to deceleration decision; specifically such an effect belonging to TSRMs without vibration is better than the effect of LSRMs. Thus,it can be concluded that,in the eight-lane urban expressway with 1. 7% grade condition,SRMs have visual effectiveness to some degree.

关 键 词：交通工程 速度控制设施 驾驶模拟实验 减速标线 视觉减速有效性 

分 类 号：U491.5[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]