内蒙古乌梁素海湿地土壤有机碳组成与碳储量  

Composition and Storage of Organic Carbon in Soils of in Ulansuhai Wetlands in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

作　　者：黄昕琦 李琳[1] 吕烨[1] 潘高娃 祁瑜 段成瑜 黄永梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875 [2]内蒙古自治区环境科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [3]内蒙古乌拉特前旗环境保护监测站,内蒙古巴彦淖尔014400

出　　处：《湿地科学》2015年第2期252-257,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区应用技术研究与开发资金项目;北京市大学生科学研究与创业行动计划资助项目;北京师范大学校级本科生科研基金项目资助

摘　　要：2013年5月,在乌梁素海湿地的明水区、湖中芦苇（Phragmites australis）区、人工芦苇区（弃耕26 a）和弃耕芦苇区（弃耕3 a）,采集0~40 cm深度的土壤（或沉积物）样品,研究土壤的有机碳组成[颗粒有机碳（POC）和矿质结合有机碳（MOC）]和碳储量。乌梁素海明水区的平均水深1~3 m,生长着沉水植物;湖中芦苇区水深约1 m,自然生长着野生芦苇,常年淹水;弃耕芦苇区为2011年农田退耕后形成的芦苇沼泽,季节性淹水;人工芦苇区的芦苇于1988年种植,季节性淹水。结果表明,明水区和湖中芦苇区表层土壤（0~10 cm深度）的总有机碳含量（〉15 g/kg）明显高于弃耕芦苇区[（2.60±0.33）g/kg]和人工芦苇区[（6.29±0.75）g/kg]。随着土壤深度的增加,人工芦苇区、明水区和湖中芦苇区土壤的总有机碳（TOC）含量都在减少。弃耕芦苇区各深度土壤的总有机碳和颗粒有机碳含量都相对最低。湖中芦苇区表层土壤的颗粒有机碳含量[（6.96±3.02）g/kg]最高,并且随着土壤深度的增加,其颗粒有机碳含量减少最快。除弃耕芦苇区外,其他采样区土壤（沉积物）的矿质结合有机碳含量都随着土壤深度的增加而减少,且在10~20 cm深度变化最明显,与颗粒有机碳含量垂直变化相似。明水区沉积物的颗粒有机碳含量占总有机碳含量的比例相对较低,表明其碳库最稳定。各采样区土壤（沉积物）不同组分有机碳含量与有机氮含量显著线性相关,TOC/TON、POC/PON和MOC/MON平均值分别为11.0、12.8和10.2。明水区沉积物总有机碳的储量最高（3.93 kg/m2）,其次为湖中芦苇区（3.48 kg/m2）和人工芦苇区（3.18 kg/m2）,弃耕芦苇区土壤总有机碳的储量仅为1.87 kg/m2。各采样区土壤（沉积物）的矿质结合有机碳储量都占较大比例,分别为80.2%（明水区）、67.9%（湖中芦苇区）、78.3%（人工芦苇区）和68.8%（弃耕芦苇区）。如果沼泽化�The composition and storage of organic carbon in soils of Ulansuhai wetlands were studied. The study was conducted in the open water area of Ulansuhai Nur with the average water depth of 1-3 m and submerged plant grown; the natural reed area in the lake with water of 1 m depth and covered by wild reed; the artificial reed area（recovery for 26 years） seasonally flooded and in which the reed was cultivated in 1988; and the reed marshes recovered from abandoned farmlands（recovery for 3 years） located in the northwest of the Lake, seasonally flooded because of the rise of the ground water table in 2011. The soil samples were collected at four depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm and 30-40 cm from 7 sediment profiles of the open water area, 4 sediment profiles of the natural reed area, 2 soil profiles of the area of reed marshes, and 1 soil profiles of the artificial reed area in May 2013. The results showed that the total organic carbon contents in the top layer（0-10 cm depth） of sediments in the open water area and the natural reed area were higher than 15 g/kg, and much higher than that in the reed marshes（（2.60 ± 0.33） g/kg） and the artificial reed area（（6.29 ± 0.75） g/kg）.The particulate organic carbon content（（6.96 ± 3.02） g/kg） in the top layer of sediment in the natural reed area was the highest, but decreased sharply with depth. Shown as the lowest POC/TOC, the carbon stock in the sediment was most stable in the open water area. There was significantly linear correlation between the contents of organic carbon and nitrogen in soils, and the average value of TOC/TON, POC/PON, and MOC/MON were 11.0, 12.8 and 10.2 respectively. The carbon storage（3.93 kg/m2） in the sediment was the highest in the open water area, followed by the natural reed area（3.48 kg/m2）, the artificial reed area（3.18 kg/m2）, and the reed marshes（1.87 kg/m2）. The mineral associated organic carbon storage shared a large proportion of the carbon storage in the soils or sediments. The carbo

关 键 词：土壤有机碳组成 碳储量 颗粒有机碳 矿质结合有机碳 乌梁素海湿地 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]