软段结构对水性聚氨酯微相分离的影响  

Effect of Soft Segments on Phase Separation of Waterborne Polyurethanes

作　　者：刘娜[1,2] 赵雨花[1] 冯月兰[1] 亢茂青[1] 殷宁[1] 王军威[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,太原030001 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《聚氨酯工业》2015年第2期15-19,共5页Polyurethane Industry

基　　金：山西省科技重大专项项目(20121101017)

摘　　要：以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、1,6-己二异氰酸酯(HDI)和聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMG)、聚碳酸-1,6-己二醇酯二醇(PCDL)、聚己二酸-1,6-己二醇酯二醇(PHA)为原料,采用预聚体法合成了一系列水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液。通过红外光谱(IR)、热重(TGA)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、动态机械性能(DMA)和拉伸测试等方法研究不同多元醇对所合成的WPU薄膜软、硬段微相分离及其热性能、结晶性和机械性能影响。结果表明,氢键作用对WPU的微相分离有明显影响;微相分离程度大的聚醚型WPU热稳定性、结晶性、柔韧性、低温塑性比微相分离程度小的聚碳酸酯型WPU好;聚碳酸酯型WPU膜的拉伸强度和模量更大。A series of waterborne polyurethanes（WPU） emulsion was prepared by the prepolymer process, in which isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI）, hexamethylene diisocyanate （HDI） acted as hard segments and poly （tetramethylene oxide glycol） （PTMG）, polycarbonates of 1,6-hexanediol （PCDL） and poly （hexamethylene adipate glycol） （PHA） acted as soft segments, respectively. The effect of various soft segments on the micro structure of hard and soft segments of WPU, as well as the crystallinity, thermal and physical and mechanical properties of WPU films were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, XRD, DMA and tensile test. The results indicated that hydrogenbond interaction had significant influence on micro phase separation of WPU. Polyether-based WPU with higher micro phase separation exhibited better thermal stabilities, crystallinity, flexibility and low temperature plasticity than that of polycarbonate-based WPU with lower micro phase separation. On the other hand, polycarbonate-based WPU film had larger tensile strength and modulus.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 聚醚多元醇 聚碳酸酯二醇 聚酯多元醇 微相分离 

分 类 号：O633.4[理学—高分子化学]