2004—2013年济南市细菌性痢疾流行特征及菌型变迁  

Epidemiological characteristics of bacillary dysentery and serotypes of Shigella in the City of Jinan from 2004-2013

作　　者：常彩云[1] 许华茹[1] 徐淑慧[1] 王丽珩[1] 胡光春[1] 张济[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南市疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250021

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2015年第2期176-179,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

摘　　要：目的了解济南市细菌性痢疾的流行特征及菌型变迁,为制定防制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2004—2013年济南市细菌性痢疾病例及菌痢菌型分布数据做回顾性分析。结果 2004—2013年济南市共报告细菌性痢疾例14 496例,年均发病率为22.95/10万。全年均可发病,具有明显的季节性,5-9月份为流行高峰期,共报告病例11 580例,占总病例数的79.88%。发病率由高到低依次为城区（槐荫、天桥、市中和历下）、城乡结合部（历城、长清）、郊县（章丘、平阴、济阳和商河）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=2663.615,P=0.00）。各年龄组均有病例发生,发病年龄主要集中在0-4岁、20-30岁、10-20岁年龄组,分别占所有发病总人数的27.16%、17.47%和11.82%。菌痢男性年发病率为25.77/10万,女性发病率为20.08/10万,发病率男性高于女性（χ^2=212.378,P=0.00）。以0-5岁年龄组病例数最多;职业分布以散居儿童、学生和农民为主,散居儿童居共报告病例3 761例,占发病总数的25.95%,居首位。2004—2012年共分离鉴定志贺菌株827株,其中B群622株占75.21%,为优势菌群;其次是D群184株占22.25%;A群11株占1.33%;C群最少10株占1.21%。福氏志贺菌检出率逐渐下降,而宋内氏志贺菌逐渐上升,且福氏志贺菌优势菌型也在不断变化。结论济南市菌痢发病率维持在较低水平,但因为流行因素广泛存在,流行菌型不断变迁,防控形势依然严峻。Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of bacillary dysentery and etiological characteristics of Shigella in the City of Jinan from 2004 to 2013in order to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Reported data on bacillary dysentery from 2004 to 2013and pathogens detected through laboratory tests were analyzed using descriptive epidemiology. Results In total,14 496 cases of bacillary dysentery were reported during the period studied,and the average incidence was 22.95/100000.The disease occurred year-round,though there were obvious seasonal trends.The peak period for bacillary dysentery was from May to September.In total,11 580cases（79.88%）of bacillary dysentery were reported during the peak period.The incidence of bacillary dysentery in urban areas（Huaiyin,Tianqiao,Shizhong,and Lixia）was higher than that in suburban areas（Licheng and Changqing）and rural areas（Zhangqiu,Pingyin,Jiyang,and Shanghe）.Incidence differed significantly different in urban,suburban,and rural areas（χ^2=2663.615,P=0.00）.Reported cases involved individuals in every age group.Most cases involved individuals ages 0-4（27.16%）,individuals ages 20-30（17.47%）,and individuals ages 10-20（11.82%）.The annual incidence of bacillary dysentery was higher in males（25.77/100 000）than in females（22.08/100 000）.Incidence differed significantly between the two groups（χ^2=212.378,P=0.00）.In terms of occupation,the populations most affected were children living apart from their parents,farmers,and students.In total,3 761 reported cases of bacillary dysentery involved children living apart from their parents（25.95%）.In total,827 Shigella strains were isolated and identified from2004 to 2012.Of the strains,622 were group B（75.21%）,184 were group D（22.25%）,11 were group A（1.33%）,and 10 were group C（1.21%）.The rate at which Shigella flexneri was detected gradually decreased while the rate at which Shigella sonnei was detected gradually increase

关 键 词：细菌性痢疾 流行病学 志贺菌 济南市 山东省 

分 类 号：R373.12[医药卫生—病原生物学]