游泳运动员赛前训练期生化指标的监测分析  

Monitoring and Analysis on Biochemical Indexes of Swimming Athletes Training Period

作　　者：李超奇[1] 党英 王华[1] 张强 党晓云[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学体育学院,河南新乡453007 [2]新联学院,河南新乡453007 [3]河南省体育局游泳运动中心,郑州450012

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第2期136-139,共4页Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(092300410239);河南师范大学博士启动基金(01066500001)

摘　　要：为了解游泳运动员赛前训练的生化特点和身体机能的变化规律,对参加全国游泳冠军赛的15名运动员赛前训练期的部分生化指标进行了监测.结果发现:(1)优秀游泳运动员的Hb,RBC,HCT在赛前训练初期没有明显变化,训练中期明显下降,到训练后期逐步回升并且达到整个训练周期的最高水平.(2)血清CK在赛前训练中变化幅度较大,训练中期有明显的升高,在训练末期回落到较低水平;男、女运动员BU变化幅度不大并且均在正常范围之内.(3)T/C比值在训练初期明显降低,在训练末期回升到赛前水平.结论:这种负荷方式的赛前训练既达到了对机体形成刺激作用又能达到适应和恢复的目的.在训练末期优秀游泳运动员的血液携氧能力、营养状况、内分泌机能状态等均得到恢复和改善.In order to understand the changes of biochemical characteristics and body functions of swimmers in the period of pre-competition training,this paper tests certain biochemical indicators of 15 athletes who took part in the national swimming championships.The results shows that：1）The levels of Hb,RBC and HCT of these excellent swimmers show no significant changes at the initial training stage but a dramatic decline at the intermediate stage.While at the later stage,these levels gain a gradual recovery and hit a record high.2）There appears a high amplitude of CK variation,with a noticeable rise at the intermediate stage and a fall to a low level in the end.The BU levels of both male and female athletes change slightly and remain within the normal range.3）T/C ratio experiences a marked drop at the initial training stage,and then rebounds to the pre-competition level.Conclusion：Weight training not only has a stimulating effect on the body,but also serves the purpose of adaptation and recovery.At the last stage of training,there is significant recovery and improvement in oxygen carrying capacity,nutritional status and endocrine function of these great swimmers.

关 键 词：游泳运动员 赛前训练 生化指标 监测分析 

分 类 号：G804.21[文化科学—运动人体科学]