超高速碰撞碎片散布数值分析  

Numerical analysis of hypervelocity impact debris dispersion

作　　者：李振华[1] 鲜勇[1] 张大巧[1] 雷刚[1] 刘炳琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二炮兵工程大学七系,陕西西安710025

出　　处：《飞行力学》2015年第2期140-144,149,共6页Flight Dynamics

摘　　要：基于光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)方法,对低轨卫星与某空间物体的超高速碰撞问题进行了数值模拟。通过确立航天器轨道高低判定准则及判定方法,分析了碰撞角度、碰撞速度对碰撞碎片散布的影响情况。仿真结果表明,低轨卫星与空间物体碰撞产生的大部分空间碎片所处轨道高度位于原卫星轨道周围;碰撞碎片的散布情况与碰撞方式密切相关,相比于上升式碰撞,下压式碰撞产生的下降碎片个数较多,上升碎片个数较少;低轨卫星与空间物体碰撞产生的空间碎片总数与碰撞相对速度密切相关,碰撞相对速度越大,碎片数量越多;随着碰撞相对速度的增大,上升碎片、下降碎片及双曲碎片的个数逐渐增加;在不改变碰撞总动量数量级的条件下,改变空间物体的速度大小对空间碎片散布的影响并不明显。Based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics（ SPH） method,hypervelocity impact problems between LEO satellite and a space object are simulated. By establishing the determination criterion and determination methods of spacecraft orbit height,the influence of the impact angle and the impact velocity for the impact debris dispersion is analyzed. The simulation results indicate that： the majority of space debris produced by the collision between LEO satellite and space object locate around the original height of the satellite orbit; The dispersion of impact debris is closely related to the way of collision,compared to ascending collision,descending collision produces more descending debris and less ascending debris;The total number of space debris produced by the collision between LEO satellite and space object is closely related to the relative velocity of collision,the greater the relative velocity of collision,the more the collision debris; With the increase of the relative velocity of collision,the number of ascending debris,descending debris and hyperbolic debris increase gradually. Without changing the magnitude of the total momentum of the collision,changing the speed of the space object is not obvious to the impact debris dispersion.

关 键 词：超高速碰撞 光滑粒子流体动力学 碰撞角度 碰撞速度 空间碎片 

分 类 号：O347[理学—固体力学] V423.4[理学—力学]