摩擦试验条件对凹凸棒石黏土润滑油添加剂摩擦学性能的影响  

Effects of tribological test conditions on properties of attapulgite powders as lubricant additives

作　　者：杨玲玲[1] 于鹤龙[2] 杨红军[3] 钱耀川 

机构地区：[1]中国北方车辆研究所车辆传动实验室 [2]装甲兵工程学院再制造技术重点实验室 [3]中国人民解放军76327部队 [4]驻5137厂军代室

出　　处：《粉末冶金材料科学与工程》2015年第2期273-279,303,共8页Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973)(2011CB013405);国家自然科学基金(51005243)资助

摘　　要：采用往复滑动磨损试验机评价凹凸棒石黏土天然矿物材料作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能,利用4因素3水平正交试验方法系统研究摩擦过程中载荷、往复频率、滑动时间和凹凸棒石黏土含量对其作为添加剂的抗磨、减摩性能的影响。摩擦过程中,通过原位测量摩擦表面接触电阻的变化,监测凹凸棒石黏土形成摩擦反应膜的动态形成过程。摩擦学试验结束后,利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线能谱仪(EDS)分析磨损表面的形貌与元素组成,探讨凹凸棒石黏土添加剂的减摩润滑机理。结果表明,表面修饰棒状凹凸棒石黏土天然矿物材料作为润滑油添加剂具有优良的摩擦学性能,含凹凸棒石粉体润滑油作用下的摩擦表面形成了一层富含Si、Mg、Al、O等元素的不导电摩擦反应膜,并分布大量纳米尺度的硅酸盐颗粒物,从而显著降低摩擦,减少磨损。摩擦过程中载荷、往复频率、摩擦时间和凹凸棒石添加量4个因素对凹凸棒石添加剂减摩和抗磨性能影响的主次顺序均为:载荷>添加量>往复频率>时间。Tribological properties of attapulgite natural mineral powders as lubricating oil additive were studied in the present paper. The orthogonal test design was adopted in tribological tests to research the effects of the four main factors including the applied load, reciprocating frequency, sliding time and concentration of solid powders in oil, on the anti-wear and friction reducing behaviors of attapulgite powders. The contact electric resistance between the tribopairs was measured during sliding to monitor the formation of tribofilm by attapulgite additive. The tribological mechanisms of attapulgite powders as lubricating oil additive were discussed based on the scanning electronic microscope （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS） analysis of the worn surfaces. The results indicate that using surface-modified attapulgite powders as lubricating oil additive present excellent tribological properties. A nonconducting tribofilm, containing elements of Si, Mg, Al and O, and on which nano-scale silicate particles are distributed, is found on surface under the lubrication of oil with attapulgite powders. The formation of the tribofilm contributes to the goodantiwear and friction-reducing properties. The pecking order about the effects of the four main factors （including the applied load, reciprocating frequency, sliding time and concentration of the solid powders in oil） on the tribological behaviors of the rod-like attapulgite particles as lubricating oil additive is applied load, reciprocating frequency, sliding time and concentration.

关 键 词：凹凸棒石 添加剂 摩擦学性能 正交试验 摩擦反应膜 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]