炭基缓释肥对玉米生长的影响研究  

Study on Growth and Yield of Maize with Charcoal Based Slow-release Fertilizer

作　　者：杜衍红[1] 蒋恩臣[1] 王明峰[1] 许细微[1] 郭信辉 史冬冬[1] 李世博[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第12期72-76,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省科技厅社会发展项目"生物质垃圾连续热解及其高值利用技术与示范"(2010A030200013)

摘　　要：炭基缓释肥是利用稻壳炭与常规尿素混合制成的长效肥料,具有肥效久,不污染环境,能够改善土壤理化性质,减少化肥农药使用量等优点。为了筛选缓释效果最好、适于玉米生长的炭基肥料,以‘华玉8号’为试材,以常规肥为对照,在施肥量均等的条件下,研究了炭粉和氮素养分配比不同的炭基缓释肥料在玉米上的施用效果。结果表明:土壤中添加稻壳炭有利于玉米的生长发育;稻壳炭基缓释肥对玉米的生长发育影响显著,能促进根系发育,使得玉米株高、茎粗增加明显。其中,施加炭粉尿素百分比为32.3%的炭基缓释肥肥效最好,与施加等量纯尿素相比可使玉米株高增加6.2%,茎粗增加10.83%,根干重增加50.7%,产量增加7.64%。Charcoal based fertilizer was the long- term fertilizer mixing the biochar and conventionalfertilizers, which had the characters of high efficiency, no pollution, improving soil physical and chemicalproperties, and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. To select the suitable charcoal basefertilizer with better sustained release effect for maize production, the effects of four charcoal base fertilizersmixing carbon powder and nitrogen nutrient with different proportion on the yield of maize‘Huayu8＇werestudied with the same fertilizer rate compared with conventional fertilizer. The results indicated that, theexperimental treatment of adding self-made carbon based SRFS and rice hull char respectively could improvethe agronomic traits of maize effectively, increasing plant height, stem diameter and root number. The yield ofmaize of adding self- made carbon based SRFS was 7.64% higher than OF and had significant differencebetween them. Compared to OF, C-SRF2, C-SRF3, C-SRF4 did not make the corn yield increase apparently.

关 键 词：稻壳炭 炭基缓释肥 产量 玉米 

分 类 号：S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]