不同剂量中子辐射针叶豌豆的M1代效应研究  

Effects of Different Dosages of Neutron Radiation on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Needle Leaf Pea

作　　者：徐大鹏[1,2] 姚泽恩[1,2] 冯虎元[3] 尹永智[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学核科学与技术学院,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学教育部中子应用技术工程研究中心,兰州730000 [3]兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第12期200-204,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"青藏高原生态环境变化对工程稳定性的影响"(2012CB026105);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金"中子辐射豌豆种子物理作用机制及遗传规律的研究"(lzujbky-2014-168);甘肃省省青年科技基金计划"豌豆种子快中子辐照半致死剂量的测定与生物学效应的初步研究"(1107RJYA036)

摘　　要：研究不同中子吸收剂量对豌豆产生的M1代生物学效应,为放射生物学研究和中子辐射诱变育种提供重要参考。本研究用252Cf源发射的中子对针叶豌豆（Pisum sativum L.var MZ-1）的干种子进行了辐射,研究了M1代豌豆生长过程中形态和生理方面的生物学效应。结果表明：中子辐射（0.24-4.33 Gy）对M1代豌豆的萌发能力和幼根的生长均有一定的促进作用,低吸收剂量的中子辐射（0.38 Gy）能够显著促进豌豆的萌发和幼根的生长,较高中子吸收剂量（1.66、4.33 Gy）的辐射对M1代豌豆苗期株高的生长有抑制作用,较低中子吸收剂量（0.24、0.38、0.84 Gy）的辐射对M1代豌豆苗期株高的生长有促进作用。微剂量（0.24、0.38 Gy）的中子辐射不会引起M1代豌豆的形态变异,中子吸收剂量在0.84-4.33 Gy间,可以引起M1代豌豆分枝致变。以上结果说明,0.24-4.33 Gy的低吸收剂量的中子辐射豌豆干种子能够使M1代豌豆产生生物学效应,且有比较明显的规律,可以用于辐射育种研究。The aims were to study biological effect of the different neutron absorbed dosages on M1 generationof pea, and provide important cues for radiation biology and neutron mutation breeding. The dry seeds of Pisum sativum L. var MZ-1 were irradiated by252 Cf fission neutrons, and then biological effects of morphologic andphysiologic of M1 generation were studied during the growth of pea. The result showed that, the neutronradiation（0.24-4.33 Gy） had promoting effect on germination and radicle growth of M1 generation of peas, lowabsorbed dose neutron irradiation（0.38 Gy） could promote the germination and radicle growth significantly.The higher neutron absorbed dose（1.66, 4.33 Gy） had inhibition on the plant height of M1 generation of peas.However, the plant height of M1 generation of peas was promoted by radiation of lower neutron absorbed dose（0.24, 0.38, 0.84 Gy）. In addition, the morphologic variation on the M1 generation of pea was not shown byMicro dose of Neutron radiation, 0.84-4.33 Gy neutron absorbed dose could cause mutations in the branchingof M1 generation of pea. These results indicated that biological effects of radiation were found on M1 generation of peas after low absorbed dose of 0.24-4.33 Gy irradiated dry seeds of pea, and had obvious rules,could be used in radiation breeding.

关 键 词：针叶豌豆'MZ-1’ 252Cf 生物学效应 中子吸收剂量 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学] Q691.6[生物学—生物物理学]