喷施IAA抑制富士幼树花芽孕育的机制  

Effect of IAA Spraying on Floral Induction in ‘Fuji’ Apple(Malus domestica Borkh)

作　　者：李有梅[1] 邢利博[1] 张东[1] 申亚文[1] 张松文[1] 韩明玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2015年第4期84-89,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD20B03);国家现代农业(苹果)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28);中国博士后科学基金项目(2014M56806);陕西省科技统筹创新工程重大专项(2011KTZB02-02-05)

摘　　要：为研究IAA对苹果幼树花芽孕育机制的影响,以初果期富士为试材,在花芽孕育开始之前喷施300mg·L-1IAA,喷施清水作为对照,研究处理当年生枝条的停长时期、枝类组成、成花率以及短枝顶芽IAA、ZT、GAs和ABA等内源激素的动态变化,检测芽内相关基因表达模式。结果表明:喷施IAA后,大部分枝条在花后32d停止生长,枝条生长量显著高于对照;短枝比例降低,叶丛枝比例增加;成花率降低。在花芽生理分化期,芽内IAA、ZT、GAs和ABA发生明显的变化,其中IAA和GAs显著增加,ABA和ZT质量分数显著下降,芽内成花促进基因AFL1表达下调,成花抑制基因MdTFL1表达上调。综上认为,外源喷施IAA通过调节内源激素比例和相关成花基因表达,促进树体旺长,导致枝条生长旺,短枝比例降低,不利于成花。To investigate the mechanism of auxin（IAA）affecting flower bud formation,‘Fuji＇apple trees were sprayed with 300 mg·L-1 IAA before the onset of floral induction.The shoot growth,proportion of shoot types and flowering rate,as well as endogenous auxin（IAA）,cytokinin（ZT）gibberellins（GAs）and abscisic acid（ABA）levels in buds were surveyed.In addition,the differential transcription responses of flowering genes（MdFT,AFL1 and MdTFL1）in terminal buds were studied during flower development by real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that in the IAA treatment,most of shoots stopped growing at 32 days after flowering,and the growth length of shoots was higher than control,with more short branches and less foliage branches.The levels of endogenous IAA,ZT,GAs and ABA in buds changed significantly.During flower induction,the content of IAA and GAs increased while ABA and ZT levels reduced;the transcript level of floral genes AFL1 was down-regulated and MdTFL1 expression was up-regulated.These results suggested that IAA treatment inhibited‘Fuji＇apple flower development by means of regulating endogenous hormone level and floral genes expression,promoting trees vegetative growth and reducing the proportion of short shoots,which were not good for flower bud formation.

关 键 词：苹果 IAA 枝类组成 花芽孕育 基因表达 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]