低能氮离子注入对线辣椒种子发芽及生理生化特性的影响  

Effects of Low Energy N^+ Ion Implantation on Seed Germination and Physiological-biochemical Characteristics of Chili Pepper

作　　者：常晓蓓 赵尊练[1] 蔡长龙[2] 夏云飞[1] 房清鹏 郭建伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西安工业大学离子束生物工程与生物多样性研究中心,西安710032

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2015年第4期120-128,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项"干制辣椒品种优化及安全高效生产关键技术研究与示范"(200903025)

摘　　要：通过探讨离子注入对线辣椒生理生化特性的影响,为线辣椒离子注入诱变育种提供理论基础。采用生物改性离子注入设备对‘陕椒2012’当代种子进行低能氮离子(N+)注入,探索N+注入处理线辣椒的适宜能量和剂量参数(处理能量为:10~25keV;N+剂量为:0~120×1014 cm-2),同时研究注入能量为10keV条件下,不同N+注入剂量(0、20×1014、40×1014、60×1014、80×1014、100×1014、120×1014cm-2)下辣椒种子发芽率和幼苗生理生化指标的变化规律及其与注入剂量之间的关系。结果表明:随着N+注入剂量的增加,线辣椒种子的发芽率呈现"双马鞍型"曲线,经回归分析,N+注入线辣椒种子的半致死剂量约为100×1014cm-2;叶绿素质量分数呈上升趋势;可溶性蛋白质质量分数呈下降的趋势,且明显低于对照;丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势,在N+注入剂量为80×1014 cm-2时,其质量摩尔浓度最低;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性均呈现先上升后降低的趋势,SOD、POD、CAT活性在N+剂量为80×1014cm-2时达到峰值,而APX活性在N+60×1014cm-2时达到峰值。说明低能N+注入诱发MDA质量摩尔浓度的增加,对激发抗氧化酶类的活性及代谢起到一定的促进作用。In order to provide theoretical basis for ion-beam-induced mutation of chili pepper,the effects of low energy N＋ion implantation on physiological-biochemical characteristics of chili pepper were investigated.To explore the appropriate energy and dose parameters of N＋ion implantation,we implanted low energy N＋ion into the dry seeds of‘Shanjiao 2012＇with the biological modified ion implantation equipment,and the regularity of physiological-biochemical characteristics of chili pepper and the internal relation with N＋ion injected doses（0,20×1014,40×1014,60×1014,80×1014,100×1014,120×1014cm-2）were studied in the low energy of 10 keV.The experimental results indicated that,with the increase of nitrogen ions dose,＂double saddle＂line appeared in germination percentage of chili pepper,and by means of regression analysis,the median lethal dose（LD50）of ion beam forchili pepper seeds was about 100×1014 cm-2.Compared with the control,the mass molality of chlorophyll in the treatments was higher,but soluble protein mass molality in the pepper seedlings was lower.With the increase of nitrogen ion implantation doses,malondialdehyde（MDA）mass molality raised firstly,then declined and raised again,and the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD）,catalase（CAT）and ascorbate peroxidase（APX）increased firstly and then decreased.When the implantation dose of N＋ion was 80×1014 cm-2,the MDA mass molality was the minimum,but the activities of SOD,POD and CAT were the maximum.The maximum of APX activity appeared in 60×1014 cm-2.This phenomenon means that the increase of MDA mass molality induced by low energy nitrogen ion implantation can stimulate the activity and metabolism of antioxidant enzymes in a certain degree.

关 键 词：低能N+注入 线辣椒 发芽率 丙二醛质量摩尔浓度 可溶性蛋白质质量分数 保护酶活性 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]