深松铲入土深度及铲形对耕作阻力影响  

Effects of Subsoiler's Penetrating Depth and Spade Shape on Traction Resistance

作　　者：齐关宇 刘林[1] 赵艳忠[1] 龚振平[1] 杨悦乾[1] 杨阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农机化研究》2015年第11期161-165,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B06)

摘　　要：深松作业存在的主要问题是耕作阻力大。深松机中深松铲作为重要部件，其形状和结构参数直接影响着深松作业的牵引阻力及作业质量等。通过推拉力计测量了鸭掌形铲在不同入土深度时的耕作阻力；通过变换不同铲形的耕作试验，测量了现有凿形铲、鸭掌形铲、翼形铲在入土深度为35 cm时的耕作阻力。结果表明：牵引阻力随着鸭掌形铲入土深度的增大而增大，因为土壤硬度随着土层深度的增加而增大，所以在10～20 cm 的土层中对深松铲的阻力较小，深松铲在20～30 cm的土层中的阻力有较大增加，在30～40 cm 的土层中阻力增加幅度最大，其规律符合二次曲线。不同铲形耕作试验表明：铲形不同时，铲尖与土壤接触面积不同，导致深松铲与土壤之间的剪切力和挤压力不同，其牵引阻力与铲尖面积满足对数关系。The subsoiling operation ’ s main problem is the big tillage resistance .Subsoiler work as an important part of a subsoiling machine , then it ’ s shape and structure parameters directly affects the traction resistance and the quality of subsoiling work .The subsoiler tillage resistance in different soil depth was measured by digital push ＆amp; pull tester .And through the cultivation experiment of different spade shape ,the tillage resistance of chisel-shape subsolier , fippers-shape subsoiler and wing-shape subsoiler were measured at 35 cm soil depth .The results show that fippers-shape subsoiler ’ s soil resistances vary in different penetrating depth .The soil hardened with the increase of soil depth , so in 10-20 cm soil layer the subsoiler tillage resistance is small ,while in 20-30 cm soil layer , it get the obvious increase , and when subsoi-ler worked in 30-40 cm soil layer ,the subsoiler tillage resistance get the larger increase .The cultivation experiments of different spade shape on the effects of subsoiler tillage resistance show that the connect area between subsoiler and soil is different with the varied spade shape , and these result in the difference of shear force and extrusion force , and the rule of tractive resistance and area of shovel jut is logarithmic .

关 键 词：深松铲 铲形 入土深度 牵引阻力 

分 类 号：S222.129[农业科学—农业机械化工程]