负水头条件下入渗模型对于水分入渗规律适用性研究  

Applicability of Different Infiltration Models to Infiltration Characteristics of Soil Water under Negative Head

作　　者：上官玉铎 吕谋超[2] 宗洁[2] 孙浩[2] 杨慎骄[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2015年第3期8-11,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划任务"作物生长水分与营养土壤环境调控技术"(2013AA102901-1);(2013-2017)

摘　　要：通过室内土柱入渗实验,对比了不同负水头高度条件下的土壤入渗规律,并采用了三种入渗模型分析了土壤水分入渗特点。实验结果表明,累积吸渗量与时间呈良好的幂函数关系,湿润锋与时间平方根间呈良好的线性关系,并且负水头高度减小,累积入渗量逐渐减小,湿润锋的推进速度减慢。累积入渗量与湿润锋推进距离呈良好的线性关系。利用Green-Ampt模型、Philip模型和Kostiakov公式对入渗率与入渗时间的关系进行拟合,得出Kostiakov公式能更准确地描述出入渗率与时间关系。This work is based on laboratory experiment data. It compares infiltration characteristics of soils under different negative hydraulic heads. And three infiltration models are used to analyze the characteristics of the soil water infiltration. The results show that the cumulative infiltration volume with time can be expressed by power function. The wetting front distance with the square root of time can be expressed by linear relation. With the increase of absolute value of negative hydraulic head, the cumulative infiltration volume decreases gradually, and the moving speed of wetting front distance gradually becomes slow. There is good linear relationship between the cumulative infiltration volume and the wetting front distance. Green-Ampt model, Philip model and Kostiakov equation are used to simulate infiltration rate, and the Kostiakov equation has the best result to simulate the relationship of infiltration rate and time.

关 键 词：入渗模型 负水头 累积入渗量 入渗率 湿润锋 

分 类 号：S275.5[农业科学—农业水土工程]