论赛前减量训练理论及其对竞技训练的策略  

A Review of Tapering Training Theory and Strategy to Optimize Performance for Athletes

作　　者：刘俊一[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学体育学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2015年第2期120-125,共6页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目(体育类)(14BTY089);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助项目

摘　　要：赛前减量训练是世界竞技体育研究的焦点问题,训练计划、训练内容、训练负荷、训练类型以及训练指标监控等问题是成功实施赛前减量训练的重点和难点。通过对＂赛前减量训练＂问题研究文献的梳理,以及张虹获得冬奥会冠军的成功案例分析,提出在重要比赛前一般安排大周期非线性减量训练计划,训练时间一般为2~5周;训练内容要丰富多样,以专项供能能力和专项技术为主,以辅助供能能力和专项力量训练为辅;训练负荷一般采用非线性快指数的减量模型,依据不同类型项目特点采用不同类型的训练负荷降低方式;训练类型依据比赛目标和综合因素针对性选择实施;将心率、血乳酸、血清肌酸激酶、血液成分等生理、生化指标作为监控指标,保证赛前减量训练的成功实施。Tapering is the focus of the w orld competitive sports research problems,and training plan,training content,training load,training types and quality monitoring indexes are the key and difficult points for successful implementation of Tapering. the research literature about ＂Tapering ＂question and case analysis of the success of Zhang Hong,an Olympic champion,the general arrangement before the important race nonlinear large cycle reduced training plan,and training time is usually 2 ~ 5 w eeks. Training content is rich,and special pow er ability and special technology absorption are as the principal,and auxiliary pow er ability and special strength training are complementary. Training load generally uses nonlinear fast index decrement model,and training load reduction of different types is adopted according to the characteristics of different types of projects. Training type is implemented according to match target and the comprehensive factors target. The heart rate,blood lactic acid,serum creatine enzyme,components of the blood physiological and biochemical index are considered as monitoring indexes,w hich can ensure the successful implementation of Tapering.

关 键 词：赛前减量训练 训练负荷 训练类型 

分 类 号：G808.12[文化科学—体育训练]