人工耳蜗植入患儿术后预防额部压疮的护理  

Nursing of children patients with cochlear implantation for prevention of frontal pressure sores

作　　者：娄皓[1] 周琛[1] 冯建侠[1] 信静[1] 石满丽 何玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,西安710032

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2015年第10期748-750,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨预防人工耳蜗植入患儿术后额部压疮的护理方法。方法收集感音神经性耳聋患儿267例，将2012年12月至2013年7月收治的115例患儿作为对照组，将2013年8月至2014年3月收治的152例患儿作为观察组。术前常规皮肤准备，评估全身营养状况及额部皮肤情况。对照组术毕常规弹力绷带加压包扎；观察组术毕应用爱立敷薄型泡沫敷料覆盖额部皮肤后，弹力绷带加压包扎，比较2组患儿术后额部压疮的发生情况。结果观察组术后发生额部压疮2例，对照组发生31例，2组发生率比较X^2=39．736，P〈0．01。对照组术后发生压疮的患儿以1-2岁年龄段分布最多，为18例。结论小龄人工耳蜗植入患儿额部压疮的预防应引起护理人员的高度重视；护理人员应及时更新压疮的预防、处理知识，准确评估患儿的皮肤晴况及危险因素，预见性地采取防范措施。Objective To discuss nursing ways to prevent frontal pressure sores for children after cochlear implantation. Methods A total of 267 cases with sensorineural deafness were selected and divided into the control group （admitted from December 2012 to July 2013, 115 cases） and the observation group （admitted from August 2013 to March 2014, 152 cases） randomly. Skin preparation was done routinely, general nutritional condition and frontal skin condition were evaluated before operation. The control group used conventional elastic bandage after surgery. The observation group used Allevyn Thin foam dressing to cover the forehead skin before pressure dressing by elastic bandage. The incidence of frontal pressure sores was compared between two groups. Results Two cases occurred frontal pressure sores in the observation group and 31 cases in the control group, A/= 39.736, P 〈 0.01. Patients in the control group with pressure sore focused within 1- 2 years old, totally 18 cases. Conclusions Nurses should attach great importance to younger children with cochlear implantation to prevent pressure sores. Nursing staff should keep update knowledge of prevention and treatment of pres-sure ulcers, accurately assess skin conditions and risk factors in patients and adopt precautions predictably.

关 键 词：耳蜗植入术 护理 额部压疮 预防 

分 类 号：R473.76[医药卫生—护理学]