汽车失效催化剂预处理方法研究  

Study on Pretreatment of Spent Auto-catalysts

作　　者：万婧 余建民[1,2] 毕向光 杨金富 李权 王火印 

机构地区：[1]昆明贵研催化剂有限责任公司,昆明650106 [2]昆明贵金属研究所,昆明650106

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2015年第4期28-33,共6页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究计划重点项目(2012FA006)

摘　　要：系统研究了原料粒度、品位、酸度、液固比、浸出温度、浸出时间、氧化剂用量及溶液电势、预处理方法对汽车失效催化剂中铂族金属浸出率的影响。结果表明,在粒度-0.074mm、液固比L/S=5/1、90-100℃、控制溶液电势1.0-1.2V氯化浸出8h,原料品位愈高,渣率愈低,浸出率愈高;随着盐酸和硫酸混合酸浓度的增加,铂族金属的浸出率急剧升高并且均高于单一的盐酸和硫酸介质。添加硫酸氢钠焙烧预处理（300℃,3h）能显著提高铂族金属尤其是铑的浸出率,铂、钯的浸出率大于99%,铑的浸出率大于97%。The effects of raw material granularity, grade, acidity, ratio of liquid to solid （L/S）, leaching temperature, leaching time, oxidant dosage, potential of solution, and pretreatment on leaching rates of platinum group metals （PGMs） were investigated. The results show that the higher raw material grade is, the lower leaching residue rate and the higher leaching rate of PGMs will be under the conditions including granularity of -0. 074 ram, L/S=5/1, leaching temperature of 90-100 ℃, leaching time of 8 h, and potential of solution of 1.0- 1.2 V. Leaching rates of PGMs rise sharply with increase of concentration of mixing acid from hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, which are higher than those in single hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid system. Leaching rates of platinum, palladium, especially rhodium are markedly improved after pretreated by adding sodium hydrogen sulfate roasting. The leaching rates of platinum and palladium are 99% above, and rhodium of 97% above.

关 键 词：汽车失效催化剂 铂族金属 富集 预处理 

分 类 号：TQ426.96[化学工程] TF83[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]