轮毂电机不平衡电磁力对车轮定位参数的影响  

Effects of Unbalanced Electromagnetic Force in In-wheel Motor on Wheel Alignment Parameters

作　　者：谭迪[1] 罗玉涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学交通与车辆工程学院,淄博255049 [2]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510641

出　　处：《汽车工程》2015年第4期422-429,共8页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51405273);山东省高等学校科技计划(J14LB08);国家863计划项目(2012AA110702)资助

摘　　要：轮毂电机驱动电动汽车将电机、减速机构和制动器等高度集成于车轮内。不同路面激励下的轮胎跳动、载荷不均和轴承磨损等造成电机气隙沿圆周分布不均,其所产生的不平衡电磁力将会通过减速机构或直接传递给车轮,对车轮定位参数产生一定的影响。针对上述问题,本文中以一款无减速机构轮毂电机驱动电动汽车为对象,在建立其传动系动力学模型、双横臂悬架动力学模型和轮毂电机不平衡电磁力数学模型的基础上,深入分析了不平衡电磁力对车轮各定位参数的影响规律。结果表明:气隙不均匀引起的作用到车轮上的不平衡电磁力对车轮外倾角、主销后倾角、主销内倾角和车轮前束均有不同程度的影响,各定位参数变化量的幅度和均方根值均随电机气隙不均匀程度的增大而增大,其中,车轮外倾角、主销内倾角和车轮前束受Y方向不平衡电磁力的影响较大,而主销后倾角则对X方向不平衡电磁力较为敏感。In an in-wheel-motor driven electric vehicle, the motor, speed reducer and brake are all integrated into the wheel. Under different road surface excitations, the uneven distribution of air gap along circumferential direction caused by the wheel bounce, uneven load and bearing wear, etc. produces unbalanced magnetic force （ UMF）, which is then transmitted directly or through speed reducer to wheel and exerts effects on wheel alignment parameters. In view of the above-mentioned problems, the law of the effects of UMF on wheel alignment parameters is analyzed in-depth in this paper based on powertrain dynamics model, double wishbone suspension model and in- wheel-motor UMF model set up for an in-wheel-motor driven electric vehicle without speed reducer. The results show that the wheel camber, kingpin caster, kingpin inclination and wheel toe are all affected by UMF in different extent, with the amplitude and root mean square of their changes increase when the unevenness of air gap in motor become grater, in which the UMF in Y direction has greater effects on wheel camber, kingpin inclination and wheel toe, while kingpin caster is more sensitive to the UMF in X direction.

关 键 词：轮毂电机驱动电动汽车 气隙不均匀 不平衡电磁力 车轮定位参数 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]