社会体制的本质、构成与特点  

The Nature,Composition and Characteristics of the Social System

作　　者：严强[1] 王心[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学,南京210093 [2]澳门城市大学

出　　处：《阅江学刊》2015年第2期5-12,共8页Yuejiang Academic Journal

基　　金：教育部重大招标课题"加强和改进社会管理研究"(07JZD0026);国家社科基金重点课题"我国地方政府治理创新路径与绩效研究"(10ZZ008)

摘　　要：社会体制是社会领域或社会空间中的一种"客观结构",是社会领域各组成部分或诸要素之间比较持久、稳定的相互联系模式。在中国,社会体制是围绕社会领域中真正的活动主体即居民个体和社会组织的社会权利保护,政府和其他多元主体运用多种机制和相配套的社会政策等多种手段,以主动建构和自然演进同时并进,以培育充足的公共性和提供充裕的公共服务为前提,通过他治与自治相结合,规范社会行为、协调利益关系,形成在福利保障和公共服务的享受上充足充裕又公平正义,在总体社会运行和状况上既有秩序又有活力的正式和非正式的制度体系。要构建现代社会体制,必须具备五个关键部件,即国家和社会分离的主线轴心;社会利益分配公平正义的价值核心;社会状态既有秩序又兼具活力的目标靶心;积极参与、负责任和善于自治的居民和社会组织载体;配套而合法有效的规则体系。社会体制的构建和改革就是要分层次地、渐进地将这些部件锻造出来,有机地组合起来。围绕社会体制构建的五大关键部件,分别形成社会体制中的五个次级体制:作为基元的社区体制;作为基础的公共服务体制;作为载体的社会组织体制;作为保障的社会立体安全体制;作为动力的社会治理体制。The social system is an ＂objective structure＂ of social sphere. In China, social system is built around social activities in the field of real social rights, the government and its people and social organizations. The government uses a variety of mechanisms to support social policy, help to active formation and natural evo- lution going hand in hand with nurturing and providing adequate public service as a precondition through a com- bination of his rule and autonomy. Public services and fair justice both need dynamic society in the overall oper- ation and status of formal and informal institutional system. There is need for five key components to build a modern social system： the separation of state and society main axis, core values of fairness and justice in the distribution of social benefits, social status of the established order and dynamic target; responsible participation and good at self-government and social organizations, and supporting and valid system of rules. So- cial and institutional reforms are necessary to progressively build a social system in a hierarchical manner. There are five key components that form social institutions： the social system as a primitive community system, as the carrier system of social organization, as the social three-dimensional security system, and as power system of social governance.

关 键 词：社会体制 社会体制改革 社会体制构建 

分 类 号：D621[政治法律—政治学]