法呢醇、三丁基锡和乙烯菌核利对汤氏纺锤水蚤的急性和亚急性毒性  

Acute and subchronic toxicity of farnesol, tributyltin and vinclozolin to marine crustacean Acartia tonsa

作　　者：郝莹[1] 曹铁华[1] 张伟杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海200444

出　　处：《上海大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第2期257-266,共10页Journal of Shanghai University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：研究了3种环境内分泌干扰物质法呢醇、三丁基锡和乙烯菌核利对深海甲壳纲类动物汤氏纺锤水蚤(Acartia tonsa)产生的急性和亚急性毒性,以及三丁基锡和乙烯菌核利对该水蚤第二代幼虫发育的毒性.在急性毒性实验中,法呢醇作用下的汤氏纺锤水蚤48-h-LC10和48-h-LC50值分别为2.16和6.11 mg/L,三丁基锡作用下的值分别为0.39和2.33μg/L,而乙烯菌核利作用下的96-h-LC50值为7.89 mg/L.在亚急性毒性实验中,三丁基锡作用下的水蚤幼虫生长5-d-EC10和5-d-EC50分别为113和150 ng/L,乙烯菌核利作用下的值分别为0.3和2.7 mg/L.实验结果表明,这3种化学物质在一定的浓度下都会对汤氏纺锤水蚤产生急性毒性.相对于卵孵化率和幼虫存活率,幼虫生长更容易受到3种化学物质毒性的影响,且在特定浓度下生长被完全抑制.第二代汤氏纺锤水蚤幼虫的生长对于三丁基锡毒性的耐受程度与第一代没有显著差别,但对乙烯菌核利却表现出了更强的抵御能力,即在对第一代产生毒性的浓度下,第二代幼虫未显现出毒性.Tests on acute and subchronic toxicity toward a marine crustacean Acartia tonsa were conducted from 3 endocrine disrupting chemials farnesol, tributyltin and vinclozolin. Toxicity of tributyltin and vinclozolin to second generation of larval development were also investigated. The 48-h-LC10 and 48-h-LC50 values from acute tests with farnesol and tributyltin were 2.16 and 6.11 rag/L, and that with tributyltin were 0.39 and 2.33μg/L, respectively. The 96-h-LC50 value from acute test with vinclozolin is 7.89 mg/L. The 5-d-EC10 and 5-d-EC50 values obtained in the subchronice toxicity tests with larval development were 113, 150 ng/L for tributyltin and 0.3, 2.7 mg/L for vinclozolin, respectively. The 3 chemicals affectedl larval development at a lower concentration than those for hatching success and larval survival. The results showed that all 3 chemical compounds displayed acute toxicity at a certain concentration. Eggs of Acartia tonsa can stand rela- tively higher toxicity of those chemicals. However, once hatched, the development of larval is more sensitive to those chemicals than larval survival, suggesting that Acartia tonsa can survive with the exposure of the chemicals, but their growth was serverely inhibited by the tested chemicals. The second generation of larval development tests are conducted with tributyltin and vinclozolin with eggs from the treated adult Acartia tonsa by exposed to tributyltin and vinclozlolin through the entire lifetime. The results suggest that the second generation of Acartia tonsa is no more vulnerable to tributyltin than the first generation, i.e., the second generation of Acartia tonsa is less sensitive to vinclozolin than the first generation.

关 键 词：法呢醇 三丁基锡 乙烯菌核利 急性毒性 亚急性毒性 长期毒性 

分 类 号：X503.225[环境科学与工程—环境工程]