致密砂岩储层不同方向构造裂缝定量预测  

Quantitative Prediction of Fractures with Different Directions in Tight Sandstone Reservoirs

作　　者：高帅 曾联波[2] 马世忠 何永宏[3] 巩磊[1,2] 赵向原[2] 许文国[2] 唐小梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省普通高校科技创新团队“断层变形、封闭性及与流体运移”,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [3]长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2015年第3期427-434,共8页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“非均质性低渗透储层多期裂缝叠加机制研究”(编号:40572080);东北石油大学青年科学基金“基于断层分形生长模式的亚地震断层定量预测”(编号:2013NQ135)联合资助

摘　　要：裂缝是致密砂岩储层的主要渗流通道,控制了地下流体的流动。定量预测不同方向裂缝的发育程度对开发井网的合理部署和提高注水开发效果具有重要意义。以鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长4+5致密砂岩储层为例,提出不同方向构造裂缝定量预测的方法。高角度构造剪切裂缝是研究区致密砂岩储层的主要裂缝类型,其发育程度受古构造应力场、岩性、层厚、沉积相、岩层各向异性等因素控制。古构造应力场控制了裂缝的组系、产状和力学性质,岩性、层厚和沉积相控制了不同部位裂缝的发育程度,而岩层各向异性控制了同一部位不同方向裂缝的发育程度。在构造裂缝形成机理和控制因素分析的基础上,通过有限元数值模拟的方法对裂缝的类型、产状以及不同方向裂缝的密度进行了定量预测。预测结果与岩心和测井资料显示的实际裂缝发育程度相一致。Fractures are the main seepage channels of tight sandstone reservoirs, which control the flow of underground fluid. It is important to predict the development degree of fractures with different directions quantitatively in pattern arrangement and improve the development effect. Taking Chang 4 ＋ 5 tight sand stone reservoir of Jiyuan area,Ordos Basin as a case study,we presented a method to quantitatively predict the development degree of fractures with different directions. Tectonic shear fracture with high dip angle is the principal fracture type in the study area. The development degree of tectonic fractures is controlled by palaeotectonic stress field, lithology, bedding thickness, sedimentary microfacies and rock anisotropy. Among them,the palaeotectonic stress controlled the fracture group, occurrence and mechanical property. The lithology, bedding thickness, sedimentary microfacies controlled the fracture development degree of different parts,while the rock anisotropy controlled the development degree of fractures with different directions in the same place. Based on analysis of formation mechanism and controlling factors of fractures, we predicted the fracture types, occurrence and density of fractures with different directions quantitatively. The results are consistent with the actual situation obtained from cores and logs.

关 键 词：致密砂岩储层 构造裂缝 控制因素 有限元数值模拟 定量预测 

分 类 号：TE122.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]