我国荒漠生态系统动物物种多样性保护价值估算  

Estimation of the animal species diversity conservation value of desert ecosystem in China

作　　者：刘博[1] 张宇清[1] 吴斌[1] 吴秀芹[1] 秦树高[1] 张举涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2015年第2期92-98,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项重点项目"戈壁生态系统长期定位观测研究"(201404304)

摘　　要：生物多样性保护作为生态系统的支持性基础功能,其价值评估受到普遍关注,但评价方法一直是困扰学界的主要问题。基于能值理论对我国荒漠生态系统动物物种多样性保护价值进行核算,并参考世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)物种濒危等级分级标准,计算引入濒危指数对动物物种由于其稀缺性得到的价值增值。结果显示,我国荒漠生态系统动物物种多样性保护总价值为35万1 000亿元,其中稀缺性价值为3万6 400亿元,哺乳动物保护价值占总价值的52.41%,鸟类保护价值占42.04%。结果表明,我国荒漠生态系统具有巨大的动物物种多样性保护价值,其价值分布趋势由东向西、由南向北递增。从研究范围内各省区的情况来看,新疆的动物物种多样性保护价值最高,为21万1 000亿元,青海、西藏、内蒙古、甘肃价值数接近,陕西、山西、河北、吉林、黑龙江、辽宁价值较低。The evaluation on biodiversity conservation of ecosystem had been paid much attention extensively,because it was the basis of the supporting function of ecosystem,yet the methodology for it remained an obsession in scientific community. In this paper,the animal species diversity conservation value of desert ecosystem in China was calculated based on the emergy theory proposed by H. T. Odum.And the added value due to species scarcity by means of endangered species index,referring to the species endangerment criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources（ IUCN）,was evaluated. The results showed that the total animal species diversity conservation value of desert ecosystem in China was 3. 51 × 10^4 billion yuan RMB,of which scarcity value was 3. 64 × 10^3 billion yuan RMB. Among the total value,the mammal conservation value accounted for 52. 41% and the bird conservation value accounted for 42. 04%. The results indicated that desert ecosystem was providing huge value on the animal species diversity conservation,with increasing trends from east to west and south to north. In terms of regions,Xinjiang was the highest province of conservation value reaching up to2. 20 × 10^4 billion yuan RMB; Qinghai,Tibet,Inner Mongolia and Gansu are not much difference; and Shaanxi,Shanxi,Hebei,Jilin,Heilongjiang and Liaoning are lower regions in conservation value.

关 键 词：荒漠生态系统 动物物种 多样性保护价值 能值理论 濒危指数 稀缺性价值 

分 类 号：Q9[生物学]