东胜矿区近50年地表干湿状况时程变化分析  

Temporal variation characteristics of surface dry-wet conditions in Dongsheng mining area in Inner Mongolia during recent 50 years

作　　者：宁婷婷[1,2] 刘文兆[1,2] 韩晓阳[1,2] 林文 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2015年第2期99-105,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中科院西部行动计划项目"晋陕蒙能源基地受损生态系统恢复重建关键技术与示范"第一课题"水资源保护及高效利用关键技术"(KZCX2-XB3-13)

摘　　要：内蒙古东胜矿区地处生态环境脆弱区,在全球气候变化和露天煤矿开采背景下,研究近50年该区地表干湿状况的变化特征具有重要意义。在采用Penman-Monteith公式计算潜在蒸散量的基础上,以其与降水量的比值作为干燥指数指标,分析内蒙古东胜矿区1957—2012年地表气候干湿状况和其时程变化趋势,以及频率分布特征和周期特征,并用全导数的方法探讨引起该区地表干湿变化的主导气象因子。结果表明：1）研究区干燥指数的多年平均值为3.2,上升幅度为0.004/a;2）除夏季有逐渐变干的趋势外,其他季节都呈现出变湿的趋势,但变化都不显著;3）在18-25年和7-12年尺度上地表干湿变化周期最明显,震荡主周期为12年;4）干燥指数最大值和最小值的重现期都超过了50年,1998年可以认为是一个突变年;5）引起干燥指数变化的主导气象因子是最高气温,其次是降水量和风速。Dongsheng mining area in Inner Mongolia is located in the fragile ecological area. Under the background of global warming and open coal mining,investigation of the variation of surface dry-wet conditions in this region over the past decades is of great importance. Based on the potential evapotranspiration（ E0） calculated by using the Penman-Monteith method,the ratio of E0 to precipitation was used as aridity index（ φ） for the years 1957—2012. The temporal variation,frequency distribution and periodical characteristics were analyzed. And a total derivative method was used to attribute the change in surface dry-wet conditions. The results showed that the annual aridity index was 3. 2 with an increase of 0. 004 per year. There was a drying trend in summer,while other seasons trended to be wetting,but the trend of four seasons was not significant. Significant periodicities of 18-25 and 7-12 years were examined,and the primary period was 12 years. The recurrence intervals of maximum and minimum E0 were both more than 50 years. An abrupt increase occurred in 1998. Maximum temperature was the main climatic factor affecting the change in surface dry-wet conditions,followed by precipitation and wind speed.

关 键 词：干燥指数 突变检验 重现期 东胜矿区 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]