水土保持与循环农业耦合开发策略及提升建议--以福建省长汀县等3个水土流失重点治理县为例  

Countermeasures and suggestions on synergic development between water and soil erosion control and recycling agriculture in hilly regions:A case study of Changting County,Fujian Province

作　　者：翁伯琦[1,2] 罗旭辉[1] 张伟利[2] 王义祥[1] 应朝阳[1] 钟珍梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所/福建省丘陵地区循环农业工程技术研究中心,福州350013 [2]农业部福州农业环境科学观察实验站/福建省农业科学院农业政策研究室,福州350003

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2015年第2期106-111,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题“东南地区农牧废弃物多级循环利用技术集成与示范”(2012BAD14B15);福建省科技重大专项“水土流失初步治理区生态循环与产业提升技术研发与示范”(2012NZ0002);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队(STIT-I-0305)

摘　　要：通过福建省重大科技专项的实施,阐明山地水土流失治理与循环农业开发有效结合的协同性,并以长汀县、宁化县、平和县等水土流失重点治理县为例提出提升建议。结果表明:1)进行山地植被恢复,可推广"乔-灌-草"立体覆盖种植;2)山区开展生态养殖,可采用"林-草-牧-肥"优化耦合模式,有利于农牧结合优势的充分发挥;3)应用固液分离收集处理猪粪技术,生产果树专用肥,COD累积去除率达99.8%;4)长汀县79.94%耕地适宜烟稻轮作,并可循环利用秸秆培肥地力;5)紫色土壤区的山地适宜发展"草-牧-沼-油茶"生产模式。提出的提升建议:水土流失治理要实施系统工程,水土保持应与循环农业发展紧密结合,促进双赢互利发展;要健全政策机制,鼓励更多企业、个人投入山地水土流失治理与循环农业综合开发之中,以取得经济、社会与生态的综合效益。In this paper,through the implementation of major science and technology projects in Fujian Province,we elaborate the collaborative development of soil erosion control and recycling agriculture in mountainous areas,taking Changting,Ninghua and Pinghe counties as example. We suggest that： 1） the arbor-shrub-grass planting mode can be promoted for restoring vegetation; 2） an optimized forest-grassanimal husbandry-fertilizer mode can be applied for combination ecological farming; 3） applying the collection and processing technology of solid-liquid separation of pig manure to produce special fertilizer for fruit trees,the cumulative removal rate of COD can reach 99. 8%; 4） flue-cured tobacco and rice cropping rotation is suitable for 79. 94% of arable land in Changting County,and their stalks can be recycled to fertilize the soil; 5） the grass-animal husbandry-biogas-camellia mode is suitable for purple soil area. In short,systematic engineering should be implemented to control soil erosion,and soil andwater conservation should be closely integrated with recycling agricultural development in order to promote mutual benefit. In addition,the proposed mechanism should further improve policies to encourage more enterprises and individuals into comprehensive governance of water and soil erosion,in order to achieve the overall benefits of the economy,society and ecology.

关 键 词：山地红壤 水土流失治理 循环农业 耦合开发 

分 类 号：S284[农业科学—农业水土工程]