论“好意同乘”交通事故的侵权责任  

The Tort Liability in Traffic Accidents of Hitchhiking

作　　者：林承铎[1] 胡兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际学院,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第2期108-115,共8页Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：北京市哲学社会科学"十二五"规划项目青年项目"侵权责任法的一般条款构成要件该当性重构"(12FXC035)

摘　　要："好意同乘"乃情谊行为之一种,"好意同乘"交通事故则属于侵权行为。"好意同乘"交通事故致搭乘者损害,供乘者应承担过错责任,就其一般过失对搭乘者承担责任。"好意同乘"可减轻供乘者的赔偿责任,减责之依据在于公序良俗原则。搭乘者对损害的发生构成与有过失时,亦可减轻供乘者之赔偿责任。"好意同乘"交通事故涉及第三人时,供乘者与第三人构成共同侵权,搭乘者与有过失的减责效果不仅及于供乘者,也及于第三人。"好意同乘"不能成为决定搭乘者是否享有精神损害赔偿请求权的因素。据此,既可弥补我国现行法律规范之漏洞,又可统一法院审判实践,妥适解决好意同乘纠纷。Hitchhiking is a friendly social behavior, but traffic accidents in hitchhiking involve the tort liability. When passengers are injured in traffic accidents, the carrier bears the fault liability for bodily injury of the passengers. In hitchhiking, the carrier＇s liability can be mitigated discretionarily on the basis of public order and good custom. When the passengers share or bear the full fault liability of the damage or injury, the carrier＇s liability should be mitigated accordingly. When hitchhiking traffic accidents cause injury or damage to a third party, the carrier and the third party undertake the liability, and the mitigation rule of the passengers also applies to the third party. Hitchhiking is not to be a factor in deciding whether the passengers enjoy the right in compensation for mental damage. It is hoped that the current paper would fill a gap in the current system of laws and offer an effective measure to standardize the adjudicative practice.

关 键 词：好意同乘 交通事故 侵权 责任 

分 类 号：D923.3[政治法律—民商法学]