中国盐渍土资源现状及改良利用对策  

Present Status of Saline Soil Resources and Countermeasures for Improvement and Utilization in China

作　　者：杨真[1] 王宝山[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学生命科学学院逆境植物重点实验室,山东济南250014

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2015年第4期125-130,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA7B05);教育部博士点基金(20123704130001)

摘　　要：土壤盐渍化是农业生态环境退化的重大问题之一,它不仅直接危害生长于其上的作物,导致农业减产,而且会导致土壤退化,严重降低土地利用率。土壤盐分的积累往往是由气候因素、地形地貌、人为活动等多方面原因导致的。中国盐渍土面积大、分布广、类型多,总面积达9 913×104hm2,约占国土面积的1.03%,全国各省份均有分布,但主要分布于西北、华北、东北及沿海地区。本文分析了盐渍土壤盐分来源、去除途径及各省份盐渍土面积、类型及成因,提出了改良利用盐碱地的基本对策。Soil salinization is one of the major factors leading to deterioration of agroecological environ-ment.Saline soils not only inhibit the growth of crops but also lead to soil degeneration , and even lead to a re-duction of land utilization rate.The soil salinization is due to a variety of factors such as climatic conditions, landform and human activities.The distribution of soil salinization in China was widely with large area and many types.Its total area is about 99.13 million hectare, and accounts for 1.03% of the total land area of China.Saline soils are distributed almost in every province of China but mainly in Northwest, North, North-east and coastal regions.In this paper, the sources of salt, desalting ways, and the area, types and forming causes of saline soil in every province were analyzed, and some basic countermeasures were put forward to im-prove the soil salinization.

关 键 词：盐渍土 分布 类型 土壤盐分平衡 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]