正丁醇溴化制备1-溴丁烷实验的优化  

Optimal design of preparing 1-Bromobutane from 1-Butanol

作　　者：刘绚艳[1] 佘媛媛[1] 施丽丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南化工职业技术学院,湖南株洲412004

出　　处：《实验室科学》2015年第2期40-42,共3页Laboratory Science

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(项目编号:12C1044)

摘　　要：在有机化学实验中,制备1-溴丁烷是一个具有代表性的卤代烃合成实验,但该反应过程中常常伴随消除反应和重排反应的发生,如果实验操作控制不当,容易造成副产物增多,产物收率低,甚至实验失败。从该反应的原理入手分析了影响1-溴丁烷制备实验效果的因素,改进了浓硫酸滴加的量和流程操控、产品的提纯等工艺条件,并取得了较好的实验效果。在最佳反应条件下,1-溴丁烷的产率可达80%,为优化实验教学方案提供了参考。Preparation of 1-bromobutane experiment in organic chemistry is a representative experiment, but the reaction process is often accompanied by an elimination reaction and rearrangement reaction, if the experiment operation control is undeserved, easy to cause the increasing of side products, the low yield, and even the failure of the experiment. Studied the influence of preparation experiments of 1-bromobutane from the reaction principle and improved the process conditions such as the dosage of sulfuric acid, the control of process, product purification. Under the optimal conditions, the yield of 1 -bromobutane can reach up to 80% which shown great reference for the further improvement of experiment teaching.

关 键 词：正丁醇 溴化 1-溴丁烷 浓硫酸 优化 

分 类 号：O622.2[理学—有机化学]