含镉废渣机械力化学稳定研究  

Stabilization of cadmium sludge by mechanical chemistry method

作　　者：闵小波[1,2] 王密[1] 梁彦杰[1,2] 柴立元[1,2] 张建强[1] 张纯[1] 周波生 沈忱[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,长沙410083 [2]国家重金属污染防治工程技术研究中心,长沙410083

出　　处：《有色金属科学与工程》2015年第2期7-13,共7页Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家公益性行业可研专项(201509050);湖南省科技重大专项(2014FJ1011);长沙市科技项目(k1201010-61)

摘　　要：通过实验研究了机械球磨方法稳定含镉废渣中的镉,并重点考察了稳定剂种类、球磨介质、稳定剂用量、球料比和球磨时间等工艺参数对球磨稳定效果的影响.在最佳工艺条件下(稳定剂为单质铁粉、球磨介质为不锈钢、添加剂用量为6%、球料质量比为B/M=6∶1、球磨时间为1 h、球磨机转速为500 r/min),含镉废渣中镉的浸出毒性(TCLP)从58.212 mg/L降低到0.019 mg/L,镉的稳定率达到了99.97%.X射线衍射和扫描电镜-能谱分析表明,球磨后的零价铁粉在酸性溶液中会被腐蚀,其表面会形成一层对镉具有吸附作用的腐蚀层.This study describes the stabilization of cadmium sludge by dry grinding method with the stabilizer of iron powder. The effects of different stabilizer, grinding medium, stabilizer dosage, ball to material mass ratio（B/M）and grinding time are mainly investigated. The optimal leaching concentration of cadmium（0.019 mg/L） is obtained with a stabilizer of iron powder, a grinding medium of stainless steel, a stabilizer dosage of 6 %, a B/M of 6：1, a grinding time of 1 h and a grinding speed of 500 r/min. The analysis of XRD and SEM-EDS demonstrates that grinded zero-value iron powder will be corroded in acid solution and a layer of corrosion products with strong adsorption performance for cadmium forms on the surface of grinded iron powder.

关 键 词：机械力化学 含镉废渣 稳定化 浸出毒性 吸附 

分 类 号：TF819.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]