乐观与自杀风险：自尊的中介作用和生活事件的调节作用  

Optimism and suicide risk：self-esteem mediation role and life events adjustment role

作　　者：于洪苏[1] 赵久波[1] 张小远[1] 吴萌菁 丁思远 贾莹[1] 徐少飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院心理学系,广州515051

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2015年第3期255-258,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目（2009BA177801）;广东省高校人文社科重大攻关项目（2012GXM-0006）;广东省高等教育教学改革项目（GDJG20142115）;广东省思想政治教育课题（2012ZY013）;南方医科大学“科研启动计划”青年科技人员培育项目（校科字[2012]126号）;南方医科大学特色教育改革项目（校教字[2013]84号）;南方医科大学公共卫生学院院长基金项目（GW201244）

摘　　要：目的 探讨自尊在乐观与自杀风险之间的中介作用,以及生活事件在这三者关系中的调节作用,为自杀危机干预提供依据.方法 采用乐观量表、自杀行为问卷、自尊量表以及青少年生活事件量表调查1 750名大学生.结果 大学生自杀风险、乐观、自尊和生活事件的得分分别为（4.78±2.10）分、（23.17±3.22）分、（29.58±4.43）分和（36.54±21.73）分.乐观与自杀风险呈显著负相关（r=-0.23,P＜0.01）;乐观与自尊呈显著正相关（r=0.50,P＜0.01）;自尊与自杀风险呈显著负相关（r=-0.35,P＜0.01）.乐观、自尊、自杀风险构建的结构方程模型拟合度较好（乐观到自杀风险路径r=-0.05,P＜ 0.05,RMSEA=0.05,GFI=0.90,NFI=0.92,CFI=0.93）,自尊部分中介乐观与自杀风险（P＜0.01）,中介效应占总效应的比例为76％.生活事件在自尊与自杀风险间的调节效应显著（P＜0.01）.结论 自尊与乐观、自杀行为的关系密切,自尊在乐观与自杀行为之间起中介作用,生活事件在自尊和自杀行为的中介模型之间起调节作用.Objective To explore the mediating role of self-esteem in optimism and suicidal risks,and the moderate effect of life events in optimism,suicidal risk and self-esteem.Methods 1 750 college students were surveyed with the life orientation test-revised （LOT-R）,the suicidal behaviors questionnaire-revised （SBQ-R）,rosenberg self-esteem scale（SES） and adolescent self-rating life events check list （ASLEC）.Results The total scores of SBQ-R,LOT-R,SES and ASLEC of college students were （4.78±2.10）,（23.17±3.22）,（29.58±4.43）and （36.54±21.73）.Optimism scores were negatively correlated with suicidal risk scores（r=-0.23,P〈0.01）,optimism scores were positively correlated with self-esteem （r=0.50,P〈0.01）.Scores of self-esteem scales were negatively correlated with suicidal risk scores（r=-0.35,P〈0.01）.A structure equation model consists of optimism,self-esteem,suicidal risk and it had a better degree of fitting （the path form optimism to suicidal risk were r =-0.05,P〈0.05,RMSEA =0.05,GFI =0.90,NFI =0.92,CFI =0.93）.The relationship between optimism and suicide risk were mediated by self-esteem（P〈0.01）,which accounted for 76%of the total effects.The life events＇ moderating effects between self-esteem and suicide risk were significant（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Self-esteem has a significant correlation with optimism and suicidal behaviors,self-esteem plays an intermediary role between optimism and suicidal behaviors,and life events play an regulation role between self-esteem and suicidal behaviors.

关 键 词：乐观 自尊 自杀 大学生 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]