临床分离革兰阴性菌金属β-内酰胺酶基因检测及其同源性分析  

Detection and homology analysis on metallo-β-lactamases gene in clinically isolated gram-negative bacteria

作　　者：赵亚楠[1] 郭育奇[1] 黄红兰[1] 武晓琳[1] 韦珍[1] 孙超 赵春燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学基础医学院,吉林长春130000 [2]沈州医院,辽宁沈阳110000

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2015年第3期145-148,共4页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

摘　　要：目的：了解临床分离革兰阴性菌产 IMP 及VIM 金属β-内酰胺酶（MβLs）基因的检出情况，以及对β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药状况。方法采用 K-B 法对临床分离的113株细菌进行药物敏感试验，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测耐药基因 IMP 和 VIM ，测序并进行 BLAST 比对分析。结果1株荧光假单胞菌检出 VIM 基因；15株菌中检出 IMP 基因，其中肺炎克雷伯菌6株，鲍曼不动杆菌 3株，大肠埃希菌2株，罗尔斯顿菌、铜绿假单胞菌、无丙二酸柠檬酸杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌各1株。BLAST 结果显示，VIM 基因为VIM-2型，与基因库中序列相似度99％；IMP 基因均为 IMP-1亚型，相似度在98％～99％，高度同源。IMP 阳性菌株对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢西丁、氨曲南和亚胺培南的耐药率高于阴性菌株，差异均具有统计学意义（均 P ＜0．05）。结论不同菌株 IMP 基因高度同源，均为 IMP-1型，表明 IMP 基因的传播能力很强，可以突破种属的限制在不同细菌中传播。IMP 基因与细菌对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药相关。Objective To investigate the detection of IMP andVIM metallo-β-lactamases （MβLs）genes in clinically isolated gram-negative bacteria as well as bacterial resistance toβ-lactam antimicrobial agents.Methods 113 clinically isolated bacteria were performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer method ,drug-resistant genes IMP and VIM were detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）,PCR products were sequenced and aligned with BLAST software. Results VIM gene was detected in 1 Pseudomonas fluorescens strain ,IMP gene was detected in 15 strains ,they were Klebsiella pneumoniae （n=6）,Acinetobacter baumannii （n=3）,Escherichia coli （n=2）,Ralstonia pickettii （n=1）,Pseudomonas aeruginosa （n=1 ）,Citrobacter amalonaticua （n=1 ）,and Enterobacter cloacae （n=1 ）. BLAST results showed that VIM gene was VIM-2 subtype,similarity with gene bank was 99%;all IMP genes were IMP-1 subtype,which were highly homologous ,similarity was 98%-99%.Resistant rates of IMP positive strains to ceftriaxone,cefotaxime,cefoxitin,aztreonam and imipenem were all significantly higher than negative strains （all P〈0.05）.Conclusion IMP genes of different strains are highly homologous,all are IMP-1 type,indi-cating that IMP genes are highly transmissible and can spread among different species of bacteria.IMP genes are related with resistance of β-lactam antimicrobial agents.

关 键 词：革兰阴性菌 金属β-内酰胺酶基因 IMP VIM 多重耐药性 抗药性 微生物 医院感染 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学] R181.32[医药卫生—基础医学]