海南省消除麻疹阶段人群血清学调查研究  

Serological survey on measles, Hainan Province

作　　者：何剑[1] 曾雪霞[1] 莫少雄[1] 孙莲英[1] 潘婷婷[1] 陈碧玉[1] 李俊[1] 李位鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,海南海口570203

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第9期1663-1665,1693,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(NO:30872)

摘　　要：目的研究海南省开展控制与消除麻疹活动以来人群麻疹抗体水平,评价其效果,为海南省制定消除麻疹免疫策略提供科学依据。方法采用WHO推荐的标准容量比例概率抽样法（PPS）,调查1-3岁和6-7岁（小学一年级学生）儿童,同时采取1-3岁被调查儿童母亲配对血标本,还采集海口市大学生血标本,用酶联免疫吸附试验方法（ELISA）检测麻疹IgG抗体水平。结果儿童麻疹IgG抗体总阳性率为96.37%,母亲抗体阳性率为96.47%,大学生抗体阳性率为93.75%;儿童不同年龄组抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义（P=0.059）;儿童组、母亲组、大学生组人群抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义（P=0.028）。人群总几何平均浓度（Geometric Mean Concentration,GMC）儿童组（3 247.51±324.25）mIU/ml,母亲组为（2 258.22±322.42）mIU/ml,大学生组为（1 778.84±632.32）mIU/ml,各组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;三组间GMC两两比较,儿童组与母亲组差异有统计学意义（P=0.021）;儿童组与大学生组GMC差异有统计学意义（P=0.002）;母亲组与大学生组GMC差异也有统计学意义（P=0.114）。结论2007-2011年海南省开展消除麻疹行动计划以来,通过免疫策略的实施,免疫效果较好,人群已形成了高的血清免疫保护屏障,有效控制了麻疹的发生和流行,2009-2011年全省麻疹发病率分别为0.5/100万、0.5/100万、0.47/100万,连续3年麻疹发病率已达到1/100万消除目标以下。Objective To understand the measles antibody levels after the activities of control and elimination of measles in Hainan Province. To evaluate the effectiveness and provide scientific basis for the further control and elimination of measles in Hainan Province. Methods The probability sampling with the standard capacity ratio recommended by WHO was used. Children 1 to 3 years old and 6 to 7 were surveyed. In addition, blood samples of mothers of the 1 to 3 years old children were collected, so were the mothers of college students. All blood samples were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Results The total positive rate of children measles IgG antibody was 96.37%. The positive rates of mothers and college students were 96.47% and 93.75%, respectively. No significant difference was found between the two age groups, neither was the group of children and mothers. While the difference of positive rate of measles antibody between the groups of children and college students was statistically significant （P=-0.028）. The Geometric Mean Concentration （GMC） of children, mothers and college students were （3247.51 ±324.25）, （2258.22 ±322.42）, （1778.84 ±632.32） mIU/mL, respectively. The difference between the three groups was statistically significant （P〈0.001）. Moreover, significant differences were found in any two groups （children and mothers, P=-0.021; children and college students, P=-0.002; mothers and college students, P=0.114）. Conclusion Since the program of eliminating measles started from 2007, a series of strategies have been implemented and the effectiveness was significant. A high level of serum immune protection had been formed among the inhabitants, which contributed greatly to the elimination of measles. The incidence of measles in Hainan had reached the target level of 1/1 million at 3 consecutive years. The measles incidences were 0.5/100.000, 0.5/100.000 0.47/100.000 for 2009-2011, respectively.

关 键 词：麻疹 IGG 抗体水平 流行病学 

分 类 号：R115[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]