中国教育公平亟待深度范式转型--“就近入学”政策背后的社会学观察  

Educational Equality in China urgently Demands a Comprehensive Paradigm Shift:Sociological Observations of the Policy of “Enrollment in the Nearest School”

作　　者：李涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学政府管理研究院、西南大学教育研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2015年第6期10-13,57,共5页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(13JZD043);国家社科基金重点项目(社会学)(13ASH005);吉林省社会科学基金项目(2012BS10)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：通过对底层社会中两个孩子"就近入学"与"异地择校"两种不同教育选择模式的田野比较观察,揭示出当下中国"就近入学"政策背后的发展困局与深层危机:在现有教育资源不均衡分布的状态下,"就近入学"政策逐步与住房的空间分异、阶层区隔相匹配而形成了明显的教育层化格局,进而导致教育再生产意义上的阶层复制与流动固化。为此,亟待呼吁中国教育公平通过"差异补偿"和"实质公正"的政策升级加速实现从"机会公平"向"质量公平"的深度范式转型。Through field observations of the different choice patterns of two children from underclass, one of who enrolled in the nearest school and the other seek school outside of his residential area. The comparative research reveals the development predicament and the deep crisis under the policy of “enrollment in the nearest school” in contemporary China. Under the current uneven distribution of educational resources, the policy of “enrollment in the nearest school”is increasingly in tandem with residential segregation and class distinctions so as to form a markedly salient pattern of educational stratification, which will result in class replication and solidifying the status quo in the sense of class reproduction through education. In order to improve educational equality in China, this analysis calls for a deep-level paradigm shift from “equal educational opportunities” to “equal access to quality education” by means of upgrading the policy directions from “difference compensation” to “substantial justice”.

关 键 词：教育公平 “就近入学”政策 范式转型 社会学 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]