山东农村学龄前留守儿童生长发育状况及影响因素  

Status and influencing factors of growth and development among rural left-behind preschool children in Shandong province

作　　者：刘稳[1] 李士雪[1] 盖若琰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院,山东济南250012

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2015年第5期628-631,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81202225)

摘　　要：目的了解山东省农村学龄前留守儿童生长发育状况并探讨相关影响因素。方法运用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,随机选取山东省2县市9乡镇269名留守儿童及466名非留守儿童进行调查。结果留守儿童身高别体重(WHZ)得分为(0.29±1.87)分,年龄别身高(HAZ)得分为(0.02±1.64)分,年龄别体重(WAZ)得分为(0.17±1.40)分,与非留守儿童比较差异无统计学意义;留守儿童生长迟缓率为8.2%,高于非留守儿童的4.5%(χ2=4.144,P=0.042);多因素分析显示,WHZ得分的影响因素主要为是否吃零食与是否挑食;HAZ得分的影响因素主要为2周患病率、家庭年总支出、父母陪伴时间以及爸爸年龄;WAZ得分的影响因素主要为家庭年总支出、妈妈年龄、是否为贫困户、吃饭时是否需要喂,是否不吃早饭。结论山东省农村学龄前留守儿童生长迟缓问题相对突出,父母陪伴缺失,父母亲年龄,儿童不良饮食行为均不同程度影响儿童生长发育水平。Objective To investigate the status and related factors of grow th and development among rural left-behind preschool children in Shandong province. Methods M ultistage stratified cluster random sampling was used to select735 children（ 269 left-behind children and 466 non-behind children） from 9 tow nships in 2 counties. Results The weight-for-height Z score（ WHZ） of left-behind children was 0. 29 ± 1. 87; the height-for-age Z score（ HAZ） was 0. 02 ±1. 64 and the weight-for-age Z score was 0. 17 ± 1. 40; no significant differences in the scores were observed between the left-behind children and non-left-behind children. The rate of grow th retardation for left-behind children was 8. 2%,w hich was higher than that of the non-left-behind children（ 4. 5%,P = 0. 042）. M ultivariate analyses show ed that the major influencing factors of WHZ score were the consumption of snacks and preference for special food; the major influencing factors of HAZ score were two week disease prevalence rate,annual household expenses,the time of parental companion,and the age of father; the major influencing factors of WAZ score were annual household expenses,the age of mother,w hether in a poor family,w hether with parent feeding w hen taking meals,and w hether having breakfast. Conclusion Grow th retardation is the major problem for rural left-behind preschool children in Shandong province. Lack of parental companion,elder age of parents,and unhealthy dietary behaviors of the children affect the grow th of the children.

关 键 词：农村 学龄前 留守儿童 生长发育 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]