纳帕海湿地植物多样性及土壤有机质对猪拱干扰的响应  

Response of plant diversity and soil organic mater to pig forage disturbance in Napahai wetland

作　　者：姚茜[1] 田昆[1,2] 肖德荣 杨洪昇 曹萍麟 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650224 [2]国家高原湿地研究中心,昆明650224

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第5期1218-1222,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40971285;31370497和41001332);国家重点基础研究计划(973)前期研究专项(2012CB426509);云南省科技计划项目(2008CA006和2010CA010);云南省科技创新人才计划项目(2012HC007)资助

摘　　要：以纳帕海湿地猪拱干扰下的草甸湿地为对象,研究不同猪拱干扰强度对湿地群落植物多样性及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:1)物种数目、多样性指数(Shannon多样性指数、Margelef丰富度、Pielou均匀度指数)和地上、地下生物量均随着放牧强度的增强而下降;2)随着土壤深度的加深,轻度猪拱干扰下,土壤容重先减少后增加,中度和重度干扰则先增加后减少;3)随着放牧强度的增强,土壤有机质含量逐渐减少,且有机质含量随着土壤深度的加深而逐渐减少,同时,上层减少的趋势较下层更为明显。可见,不合理的家猪放养导致植物多样性降低,土壤结构破坏,土壤有机质含量显著下降。Effects of different intensities of pig forage disturbance on plant community diversity nd soil physicochemical properties in meadow wetlands in Napahai Natural Reserve were studied. The results showed that the species number, plant diversity （including indexes of Shannon diversity, Margalef richness, and Pielou evenness）, and biomass （below and aboveground） decreased as the grazing intensity increased. As the soil depth increased, the soil bulk density decreased first and then increased under light-intensity forage but its change was reversed under medium to heavy disturbance. The content of soil organic matter decreased as the grazing intensity increased. The soil organic matter content also decreased with the increase of soil depth, especially in the upper layer. Unreasonable grazing of pig was the main reason causing decrease in plant diversity, destruction of soil structure, and decline in content of soil organic matter.

关 键 词：纳帕海湿地 草甸 猪拱干扰 植物多样性 土壤有机质 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]