淮北煤矿区塌陷湖水生昆虫群落结构的季节性变化  

Seasonal variation in community structure of aquatic insects in the collapse lakes of Huaibei mining area

作　　者：李晓明[1] 纪磊[1] 邓道贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学生命科学学院,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第5期1359-1366,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：安徽高校省级自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2013A233);淮北师范大学青年自然科学研究项目(2013xqz07);安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2014B20);资源植物生物学安徽省重点实验室科研基金项目(ZYZWSW2014006);国家自然科学基金项目(31240075和31370470)资助

摘　　要：2013年对淮北典型采煤塌陷湖泊南湖和东湖水生昆虫的群落结构进行了季节性调查。共采集到水生昆虫6目、14科、30种,其中南湖6目12科21种,东湖5目13科27种。南湖水生昆虫年平均密度为118.0 ind·m-2,最大密度259.0 ind·m-2,东湖水生昆虫年平均密度为151.3 ind·m-2,最大密度335.2 ind·m-2。南湖冬春季密度相对较高类群为龙虱科Dytiscidae、负子蝽科Belostomatidae、摇蚊科Chironomidae、划蝽科Corixidae,夏秋季为蚊科Culicidae、摇蚊科Chironomidae、蜻科Libellulidae、划蝽科Corixidae;东湖冬春季密度相对较高类群为龙虱科Dytiscidae、水龟虫科Hydrophilidae,夏秋季为蚊科Culicidae、摇蚊科Chironomidae、蜻科Libellulidae、划蝽科Corixidae。2湖水生昆虫Shannon多样性指数和Pielou均匀度均呈明显的季节性变化。方差分析结果表明,淮北煤矿区塌陷湖水生昆虫群落结构的季节性变化差异性显著,冗余分析(RDA)结果表明,水温、溶解氧、总氮、总磷和透明度对淮北采煤塌陷区小型湖泊水生昆虫的群落结构具有决定性的影响。Seasonal variations in community structure of aquatic insects were investigated in the collapse lakes of Huaibei mining area （South Lake and East Lake） in 2013. A total of 30 species were collected, which belonged to 14 families and 6 orders. A total of 21 species were recorded in the South Lake, belonging to 12 families and 6 orders, while 27 species were recorded in the East Lake, belonging to 13 families and 5 orders. The average density of aquatic insects was 118.0 ind·m^-2 in the South Lake and 151.3 ind·m^-2 in the East Lake. The maximum density of aquatic insects was 259.0 ind·m^-2 in the South Lake and 335.2 ind·m^-2 in the East Lake. In the South Lake, Dytiscidae, Belostomatidae, Chironomidae and Corixidae were dominant in spring and winter, and Culicidae, Chironomidae, Libellulidae and Corixidae were dominant in summer and autumn. In the East Lake, Dytiscidae and Hydrophilidae were dominant in spring and winter, while Culicidae, Chironomidae, Libellulidae and Corixidae were dominant in summer and autumn. The Shannon index and Pielou index had obvious seasonal variations in the two lakes. Analysis of variance showed that the community structure of aquatic insects in the collapse lakes of Huaibei mining area varied significantly in different seasons. Redundancy analysis indicated that water temperature, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and transparency had decisive influence on the community structure of aquatic insects in the collapse lakes of Huaibei mining area.

关 键 词：塌陷湖 水生昆虫 群落结构 季节性变化 冗余分析 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]