复合垂直流人工湿地系统中不同植物根际微生物群落结构  

Rhizosphere microbial communities of three plants in vertical-flow constructed wetland

作　　者：雷旭[1] 李冰[1,2] 李晓[1] 王璐[1] 朱健[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081 [3]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第5期1373-1381,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B07);国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系项目(nycytx-46);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2013JBFC08)资助

摘　　要：为了研究复合垂直流人工湿地在夏季和秋季运行期间湿地中不同植物根际微生物群落的结构特征,采用PCR-DGGE技术和基因测序技术,对复合垂直流人工湿地系统中梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata)、美人蕉(Canna indica)、再力花(Thalia dealbata)3种植物根际微生物群落的结构特征和组成多样性进行分析。结果表明,3种植物根际微生物的种类和数量各不相同。人工湿地下行池中梭鱼草、美人蕉、再力花根际微生物的Shannon指数分别为2.91、2.96和2.90,说明美人蕉根际能更好地富集周围的微生物,提高微生物群落的多样性。通过比较各种植物根际微生物的相似度,发现根际微生物群落结构存在一定的季节差异;美人蕉和再力花根际微生物群落结构相似度较高(65%以上)。微生物群落组成多样性的结果显示,复合垂直流人工湿地系统中3种植物在实验期间根际微生物群落分属8个纲:α-变形菌纲(14.37%)、β-变形菌纲(38.13%)、γ-变形菌纲(6.87%)、ε-变形菌纲(16.87%)、δ-变形菌纲(6.87%)、放线菌纲(8.76%)、拟杆菌纲(4.38%)、硝化螺旋菌纲(3.75%)。β-变形菌纲为该人工湿地系统试验期间不同植物根际富集的主要细菌类群。本实验为以后人工湿地系统植物优化选择提供了一定的理论依据。The present study was conducted to evaluate the composition and diversity of rhizosphere bacterial community of Pontedeira cordata, Canna indica and Thalia dealbata in verticalflow constructed wetland during operation in summer and autumn. All parameters were measured using PCR-DGGE and DNA sequencing technology. Results indicated that the types and quantity of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of the three plants were not all the same. Shannon indexes of P. cordata, C. indica and T. dealbata rhizosphere microorganisms were 2.91, 2.96 and 2.90, respectively, further explaining that the root of C. indica in the verticalflow constructed wetland could better enrich the microorganisms around the substrate and increased the diversity of bacterial community. The similarity analysis of rhizosphere microorganisms of the three plants showed that there was seasonal difference of microbial community structure. The rhizosphere microorganisms of C. indica and T. dealbata had higher similarity （〉65%）, indicating that the roots of these two plants were similar in the aggregation of microorganisms. Diversity of microbial community structure indicated that rhizosphere microbial community of the three plants in verticalflow constructed wetland during the experimental period belonged to 8 classes： α-Proteobacteria （14.37%）, β-Proteobacteria （38.13%）, γ-Proteobacteria （6.87%）, ε-Proteobacteria （16.86%）, δ-Proteobacteria （6.87%）, Actinobacteria （8.76%）, Bacteroidetes （4.38%）, and Nitrospira （3.75%）. β-Proteobacteria was the main group of bacteria enriched by the various plants in the vertical-flow constructed wetland during the experimental period. This experiment provides some theoretical basis for the species optimization of artificial wetland system in the future.

关 键 词：人工湿地 植物根际 DGGE技术 微生物群落 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]