奶牛常用秸秆类饲料营养价值的评定  

Nutritional value evaluation of common straw roughages in dairy cows

作　　者：李洋[1] 辛杭书[1] 李春雷[2] 赵洪波[3] 张永根[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北师范大学数学与统计学院,长春130024 [3]东北农业大学新农村发展研究院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2015年第4期76-82,共7页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家奶牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-37)

摘　　要：研究稻草(RS)、麦秸(WS)、谷草(MS)、玉米秸秆(CS)、玉米叶(CL)和玉米秸秆青贮(CSS)共6种秸秆类饲料的营养成分、瘤胃降解特性以及小肠消化率。对6种秸秆类饲料的常规营养成分进行分析,采用尼龙袋法测定这些粗饲料的干物质(Dry matter,DM)、粗蛋白质(Crude protein,CP)、中性洗涤纤维(Neutral detergent fiber,NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber,ADF)的瘤胃解率参数,采用移动尼龙袋法测定其DM和CP的小肠消化率。结果表明,6种秸秆类粗饲料的瘤胃有效降解率之间存在差异,高低顺序为:DM)CSS>CS>CL>WS>MS>RS,CP)CSS>CL>CS>RS>MS>WS,NDF)CSS>CS>CL>RS>WS>MS,ADF)CSS>CL>CS>RS>WS>MS;粗饲料的DM小肠消化率显著低于CP的消化率,高低顺序为:DM)CS>CL>RS>CSS>WS>MS,CP)CL>CS>RS>WS>CSS>MS。结果表明,玉米秸秆青贮的瘤胃降解性能最好,营养成分含量和相对饲用价值最高,玉米叶与玉米秸秆次之,谷草最差。使用以上粗饲料或其制作配方时应考虑该饲料的营养成分及饲料品质,避免饲料资源浪费。This trial was conducted to study the nutritional components, ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of rice straw （RS）, wheat straw （WS）, millet straw （MS）, corn stalk （CS）, corn leaves （CL）, corn stover silage （CSS）. Firstly, the nutritional components of six kinds of straw roughages were analyzed. Nylon-bag technique was used to evaluate the rumen degradation parameters of dry matter （DM）, crude protein （CP）, neutral detergent fiber（ NDF） and acid detergent fiber （ADF） in these roughages. Mobile nylon-bag technique was used to evaluate intestinal digestibility of DM and CP in these roughages. The results showed that the rumen effective degradability of six kinds of straw roughages were different. Ranking of the rumen effective degradability of six kinds of straw roughage from high to low were： DM） CSS〉CS〉CL〉WS〉 MS〉RS, CP） CSS〉CL〉CS〉RS〉MS〉WS, NDF） CSS〉CS〉CL〉RS〉WS〉MS, ADF） CSS〉CL〉CS〉RS〉WS〉MS; The small intestinal digestibility of DM were lower than CP. Ranking of small intestinal digestibility of DM and CP from high to low were： DM） CS〉CL〉RS〉CSS〉WS〉MS, CP） CL〉CS〉RS〉WS〉CSS〉MS. In conclusion, the rumen effective degrada-bility of CSS was the best. And the nutrient content and relative feed value （RFV） of CSS was the highest, CS and CL were the second, Straw was the worst; To avoid the waste of feed resources, the nutrient content and quality of the roughages should be considered when using these roughages or making formula.

关 键 词：粗饲料 瘤胃降解率 小肠消化率 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]