秸秆还田及腐熟剂对水稻冷浸田理化性状及作物产量的影响  

Effects of straw returning to soil and decomposing inoculant on soil physical and chemical properties and crop yield in rice cold waterlogged field

作　　者：顾文杰[1] 解开治[1] 徐培智[1] 张发宝[1] 唐拴虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农科院土壤肥料研究所/农业部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第5期39-42,共4页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003059);广东省现代农业产业技术体系专项(粤财教[2009]356号);广东省科技计划项目(2010B060600007)

摘　　要：研究冷浸田秸秆还田和腐熟剂不同施用量对水稻的应用效果。采用观察秸秆还田后表观性质、测定稻杆断裂拉力、水稻产量、土壤理化性质及土壤微生物数量方法进行研究。结果表明:在冷浸田上单独使用秸秆还田或秸秆还田+低量腐熟剂,可增加土壤碱解氮、有机质、水溶性碳含量、土壤微生物数量和微生物量碳,但在提升水稻产量方面作用不大;秸秆还田配施秸秆腐熟剂,可以加快稻秆腐烂速度,增加土壤微生物量,并显著提高微生物碳和土壤可溶性碳含量;秸秆腐熟剂用量增加(4 kg/667m2),可加速稻秆腐烂速度,有效提升冷浸田水稻产量(10.1%),且土壤微生物量碳和放线菌数量显著增加。This paper studied the application effects of straw returning to soil and decomposing inoculant in cold waterlogged field by observing the apparent properties after straw returning and determining straw tension rupture, soil fertility, soil physical and chemical properties and soil microorganisms. The results showed that straw returning or straw returning ＋ a small quantity of decomposing inoculant could made the content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, organic matter, water-soluble carbon, soil microorganisms and microbial biomass carbon increased, however, it had little effect on the grain yield of rice. Straw returning to soil with straw decomposing inoculant could accelerate decomposition process of straw, made the microbial biomass, water-soluble carbon and microbial carbon increased, compared with no decomposing inoculant. When the decomposing inoculate was 4kg/667m^2, the decomposition process speeded up, the straw tensile force were 17.8 N and 22.2 N at 4th day and 7th day, lower than that of others, and the grain yield of rice increased by 10.1%, the soil microbial carbon and antinomycetes increased too, the effect was significant.

关 键 词：冷浸田 秸秆还田 秸秆腐熟剂 应用效果 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]