荒漠竹节虫的形态及生物学特性研究  

Morphological and biological adaption of a desert walking stick-Sceptrophasma bituberculatum

作　　者：陈新燕[1] 史雯[1] 马东建[1] 范兆田[2] 吴卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆大学理化测试中心,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2015年第2期393-400,共8页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区新疆大学大学生创新训练计划(XJU-SRT-13055)

摘　　要：荒漠竹节虫Sceptrophasma bituberculatum(Redtenbacher)是一种珍稀的典型内陆荒漠拟态昆虫,在中国仅分布于新疆干旱荒漠地区。因其种群数量较少且很难被发现而鲜有报道。通过四年的室内和室外观察结果表明:与该目其它已报道种类相比,该物种无翅,其外形、体壁结构、体色等较于内陆干旱荒漠环境均发生了适应性变化;生活史也明显不同:一年一代,当年产出的卵不经滞育即可进行个体发育,7月初孵化,以4龄若虫越冬,蜕皮5次后,成虫于次年5月中旬羽化,5月中旬开始产卵,没有发现雄性个体。本文还报道了其卵的外部形态结构、附肢再生及生存现状等。对其生物学及荒漠适应性的了解有助于荒漠昆虫起源和进化的研究。Sceptrophasma bituberculatum（ Redtenbacher） is a rare and typical kind of inland mimicry insect that lives in arid desert region in Xinjiang,China. It was seldom reported because of its small population and its camouflage. Observations of 4 years’ indoor and outdoor of this species showed that how it is to adapt to the atrocious arid desert circumstance,the morphology and life history were quite different from those Phasmida that had been reported： completely lost wings,hardened integument,gray and light- brown color; one generation a year; nympha emerge from early August without diapause; living through the winter in the form of 4thinstar nymph; eclosion after 5 molts and oviposition in mid May. No male had been found. The shape and outside structure of the egg,limb regeneration were reported either. The study of the biology and desert adaption contributes to understand of origin and evolution of desert insect.

关 键 词：荒漠竹节虫 生物学 准噶尔盆地 绢蒿 卵 

分 类 号：Q964[生物学—昆虫学] S567.35[农业科学—中草药栽培]