绥德方言“家”的用法、来源及语法化  

Usage of the Word “家”in Suide Dialect

作　　者：黑维强[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第2期110-120,共11页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(12FYY004)(10XYY0004);国家社会科学基金重大项目(13&ZD119)

摘　　要：绥德方言"家"的用法比较丰富,与北京话不同的是可以用来表示类别、时间、方式、状态、语气与作话题标记等。从历时角度看,现代汉语方言"家"的用法大多数在古代文献中已经出现,与绥德方言相关的用法有的可以追溯到上古时期,有的产生于宋元时期。"家"在古代文献中有不同写法,主要有"价""贾""介""假""口叚""加"等。不同的写法,有的是因为用法与最初意义有较大距离,如"价""介";有的是同音字,如"贾""假""口叚""加"。有的是地域因素引起的。The word ＂家＂ in Suide dialect has abundant usages. Different from its counterpart in Beijing speech, ＂家＂ in Suide dialect can be used to refer to classification, time, means, state, mode and even label of topic. Historically, most usages of ＂家＂ in modern Chinese dialect alread） occurred in ancient documents. Some of those usages in Suide dialect go back to ancient times, and some to the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Mo- reover, ＂家＂ had different graphic forms in ancient documents, mainly including ＂ 价＂, ＂贾 ＂, ＂介＂, ＂假＂, ＂ [口叚]＂,＂加＂. Some of these different graphic forms, such as ＂ 价＂ and ＂介＂, appeared owing to the radical differences from the original meanings, some, such as ＂贾＂ ,＂假＂ ,＂[口叚]＂ and ＂加＂ as homophones and others because of regional elements.

关 键 词：绥德方言 “家” 词语用法 词语来源 语法化 

分 类 号：H172.2[语言文字—汉语]