生防放线菌剂对魔芋根域微生物区系的影响  

Effect of biocontrol actinomycetes agents on microflora in the root-zone of Amorphophallus konjacorphophallus konjac K. Koch ex N.E.Br K.Koch ex N.E.Br

作　　者：何斐[1] 张忠良[2] 崔鸣 薛泉宏[4] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学林学院,杨凌712100 [3]秦巴魔芋研究开发中心,安康725000 [4]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2015年第2期221-227,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家林业局重点科技推广项目(魔芋产业化配套技术2010-38);财政部农业科技体系建设项目(XTG2013-36);陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(2013K02-24)资助~~

摘　　要：为从微生态角度探索接种生防放线菌剂对魔芋根域微生物区系的影响,以生防放线菌娄彻氏链霉菌(Streptomyces rochei)、濑里予链霉菌(S.senoensis)和M(肉质链霉菌S.carnosus和密旋链霉菌S.pctum按质量比1:1的固态发酵混合制剂)为接种剂,采用基质拌菌法接种生防菌剂进行盆栽试验,通过稀释平板法测定魔芋根区、根表土壤和根内放线菌、细菌及真菌数量并采用分子生物学技术对优势真菌和细菌进行分类鉴定.结果显示:(1)3种菌剂接种164 d,魔芋根域检出的接入放线菌活菌数量高达106 CFU g-1以上,根表土壤中放线菌数量较对照增加24.6%-263.1%;(2)供试3种菌剂接种164 d后,魔芋根域真菌数量减少18.9%-100.0%,且接种处理魔芋根域有害优势真菌腐皮镰孢菌(Fusarium solani)和红球丛赤壳菌(Nectria haematococca)较未接种对照大幅度降低;(3)不同菌剂接种处理,魔芋根区土壤和根内细菌数量较对照减少21.5%-73.3%,但根内芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.)数量增加414.0%-1015.0%.本研究表明供试生防菌具有较稳定的定殖能力,亦能改善魔芋根域土壤微生物区系.The actinomycetes agents of Streptomyces rochei, S. senoensis and M （1：1 mixture of S. carnosus and S. pctum insolid-state fermentation） were tested by pot culture associated with matrix inoculation for their effect on microbe quantity in rhizoplane, surface soil and roots. The number of actinomycetes, bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere, rhizoplane soil and roots of Amorphophallus konjac were evaluated by soil dilution plate method, and the dominant fungi and bacteria identified by sequence analysis. The effect of biocontrol actinomycetes on microflora in rhizosphere of A. konjac was also explored. The results showed that 1） The quantity of 3 tested actinomycetes were more than 10^6 CFU g-1 after 164 days of actinomycetes inoculation, with an increasing trend in number of actinomycetes in the rhizoplane soil ofA. konjac from 24.6% to 263.1%. 2） The amount of fungi in rhizosphere soil decreased by 18.9-100.0%, and the amount of Fusarium solani and Nectria haematococea also decreased greatly compared with non-inoculation treatment. 3） The treatments of actinomycete inoculation decreased the quantity of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil and root ofA. konjac by 21.5-73.3% compared with control, but increased the amount of Bacillus in roots ofA. konjac by 414.0-1015.0%. It is concluded that the tested biocontrol actinomycetes have stable colonization ability and can regulate the microflora in the rhizosphere ofA. konjac.

关 键 词：生防放线菌剂 魔芋 微生物区系 软腐病 土壤微生态 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]