功能化离子液体液化木粉及其酚醛复合材料  

Preparation of Phenolic Resin Composites with Functional Ionic Liquids and Their Liquefaction Product of Wood Powder

作　　者：郭立颖[1] 张彬[1] 王志明[1] 马秀云[1] 黄鹏程[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学石油化工学院,辽阳111003

出　　处：《高分子学报》2015年第5期556-563,共8页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号51203091);辽宁省教育厅一般项目(项目号L2014037);大学生创新创业计划训练项目(项目号101422013068)资助

摘　　要：合成了氯代1-(2-羟乙基)-3-甲基咪唑离子液体[He MIM]Cl、溴代1-乙胺基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体[Ae MIM]Br和氯代1-羧乙基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体[Ce MIM]Cl 3种功能化咪唑离子液体,并分别进行了红外与氢核磁结构表征.然后用3种离子液体液化木粉,液化3 h后向体系直接加入苯酚、甲醛和氢氧化钠,制备酚醛复合材料,并采用FTIR、XRD、DSC和SEM对酚醛复合材料进行结构、性能与形貌测试,研究离子液体种类对木粉液化率及酚醛树脂性能的影响.结果表明,离子液体及其液化木粉产物制备的酚醛复合材料性能得到明显改善.[Ce MIM]Cl液化效果最好,90℃液化率高达24.6%,当[Ce MIM]Cl与木粉质量比为10∶1时,制备的酚醛复合材料的游离醛释放量由原来的3.64%降低到0.92%.离子液体[Ae MIM]Br能将酚醛复合材料的冲击强度由原来的0.93 k J/m2提高到6.96 k J/m2,而[Ae MIM]Br及其液化的木粉产物制备的酚醛复合材料拉伸强度从原来的3.28 MPa提高到9.70 MPa.Functional ionic liquids of 1-（2-hydroxyethyl）-3-methyl imidazole chloride （[ HeMIM ] C1）, 1- ethylamine-3-methyl imidazole bromide （[ AeMIM ] Br） and 1-carboxy ethyl-3-methyl imidazole chloride （ [ CeMIM ] C1） were synthesized and characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR. After dissolving in the ionic liquids for 3 h, the liquefied wood powder obtained was blended with phenol and formaldehyde in situ to prepare phenolic resin composites. The effects of the ionic liquid types on the dissolution rate of wood powder and the properties of phenolic resin were studiced through the tests of chemical structure, mechanical properties and morphology by FTIR,XRD,DSC and SEM. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the phenolic resin composites were improved obviously by ionic liquid and its solubility product of wood powder. The wood powder showed the highest liquefaction rate in [ CeMIM] Cl,reaching 24.6% at 90 %. When the weight ratio of [ CeMIM] Cl to wood powder was 10：1 ,the free formaldehyde content in the phenolic resin composites was decreased from 3.64% to 0.92%. The impact strength of phenolic resin modified with [ AeMIM ] Br was increased from 0.93 kJ/m^2 to 6.96 kJ/m^2 ,while the tensile strength of phenolic resin modified with [ AeMIM ] Br and its liquefaction of wood powder was increased from 3.28 MPa to 9.70 MPa.

关 键 词：功能化离子液体 液化 木粉 酚醛复合材料 游离醛含量 拉伸强度 冲击强度 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]