高校心理咨询中保密的伦理困境与解决出路  

Ethical Dilemmas and Solutions of Confidentiality in College Psychological Counseling

作　　者：何元庆[1] 方存峰 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学心理健康教育中心,芜湖241000 [2]安徽师范大学心理学系,芜湖241000

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2015年第2期378-380,377,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11BKS067);安徽省教育科学规划2013年度项目(JG13027)

摘　　要：保密是心理咨询的基石。我国《精神卫生法》规定"心理咨询人员应当尊重接受咨询人员的隐私,并为其保守秘密。"高校心理咨询各方当事人面临着由国家司法、伦理规范、现代科技和实务需求共同生成的保密困境,本文把泄密和保密设为横轴,将遵守和违反伦理设为纵轴,可以发现保密伦理问题主要集中在保护隐私和保密例外领域,进而提出通过区分咨询工作记录和咨询师个人手记、加强咨询师专业培训与督导、研发保密例外细则和充分运用知情同意作为解决保密伦理困境的出路。Confidentiality is the cornerstone of psychological counseling. China＇s mental health law provides： counsel-ors should respect privacy and keep confidential for clients. Psychological consultation in Colleges is facing the dilemma ofconfidentiality duo to national justice, ethics, modern technology and the practical demand. In this article, X-axis was set torepresent the disclosure and confidentiality, and abidance and violation of ethical were set in Y-axis. The result showedthat the problems of ethical confidentiality mainly focused on the privacy protection and confidentiality exception. Then,this article proposed to resolve the ethical dilemma in college psychological counseling by making a distinguish betweenconsulting work record and counselor personal notes, strengthening professional training and clinical supervision, publish-ing the detailed rules for breaking confidentiality and using the informed consent adequately.

关 键 词：心理咨询 保密原则 伦理困境 精神卫生法 

分 类 号：R395.5[哲学宗教—心理学]