河南省电网涉鸟故障的鸟类多样性研究  

Study on Bird Diversity of Bird Pest Accident in Henan Power Grid

作　　者：王自力[1] 庞锴[2] 李长看[3,4] 胡扬宇[1] 褚双伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]国网河南省电力公司,郑州450052 [2]国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院,郑州450052 [3]郑州师范学院自然博物馆,郑州450044 [4]河南野生鸟类观察学会,郑州450044

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2015年第2期23-30,共8页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：国家能源局"输电线路涉鸟故障分级及分布图绘制"(国能科技[2014]0192);河南省电力公司科技攻关项目"河南电网鸟害机理及综合防护新技术研究"(编号:201309)

摘　　要：2013年1月-2014年9月,采用样线法和样点法对河南省域高压输电线路鸟类多样性进行调查;对2003-2013年间,河南省域高压输电线路涉鸟故障相关信息进行统计分析。记录到河南电网鸟害相关鸟类共计13目、30科、89种,其中国家Ⅰ3种、Ⅱ25种、J37种、A8种。对居留型统计分析为留鸟36种、占40.5%;冬候鸟27种、占30.3%;夏候鸟20种、占22.5%;旅鸟6种、占6.7%。高危种类主要有:喜鹊、灰喜鹊、大嘴乌鸦、黑鹳、苍鹭、大白鹭等。对鸟害的机理进行探讨,并提出针对性地措施及建议。The high voltage transmission lines bird diversity in Henan province was investigated using sampling method and point interpolation method from January 2013 to September 2014; The high voltage transmission lines wading birds fault informations were counted and analyzed form 2003 to 2013,the results showed that birds harm to Henan electrified wire netting encompass 89 species in 13 order, 30 family,among them, 3 species were first-class and 25 species were second-class bird under protection in China, 37 species （China-Japan）, 8 species （China-Australia）. 36 species were residents, accounting for 40.5 percent;17 species were winter resident birds, accounting for 30.3 percent; 20 species were summer resident birds, accounting for 22.5 percent; 6 species were transient migrant birds, accounting for 6.7 percent. Pica pica, Cyanopica cyana, Corvus macrorhynchos, Ciconia nigra,Ardea cinerea,Casmerodius albus,et al ,were considered high risk birds. The mechanics of fault caused by birds were discussed , and the corresponding measures and Suggestions are proposed.

关 键 词：高压输电线路 鸟类多样性 生物学习性 涉鸟故障 

分 类 号：TM752[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]