永康市2008—2013年中小学生传染病流行特征分析  

Epidemiology of infectious diseases among students in Yongkang during 2008-2013

作　　者：方新艳 吕梅斋 鲍巍巍 

机构地区：[1]浙江省永康市疾病预防控制中心,321300

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第4期567-569,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解2008—2013年永康市中小学生传染病流行病学特征,为有关部门进行学校传染病防治决策提供依据。方法资料来源于"国家传染病报告信息管理系统",采用描述流行病学方法,对永康市2008—2013年中小学生传染病疫情资料进行分析。结果永康市2008—2013年中小学生发生乙、丙类传染病共19种3 140例(死亡1例),6 a平均发病率为457.56/10万。中小学生乙、丙类传染病发病率低于同期全人群发病率,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为1 178.76,70.98,P值均<0.01)。报告发病数居前5位的病种依次为流行性腮腺炎、其他感染性腹泻病、风疹、肺结核、手足口病,占报告发病数的73.06%。发病呈明显的季节性双峰分布。以呼吸道传染病为主,占57.71%。有疫苗可预防的传染病占51.24%。结论学校传染病的防控重点为呼吸道传染病,乙类传染病防控的重点人群为高中生,丙类传染病防控的重点人群为小学生。各相关部门要按职责做好学校传染病的防控工作,有效预防中小学生传染病的发生和流行。Objective To understand epidemiology of infectious diseases among students in Yongkang from 2008 to 2013,and to provide basis for prevention policy. Methods Data were drawn from National Network-based Infectious Disease Reporting System. Description of infectious diseases was presented among primary,secondary and high school students during 2008- 2013 inYongkang. Results There were 19 kinds of 3 140 cases of category B and C infection diseases occurred among primary,secondary and high school students in Yongkang during 2008- 2013. The reported average incidence rate was 457. 56 /100 000. The average incidence in student population was lower than that of general population. Mumps,diarrhea,rubella,pulmonary tuberculosis and hand-foot-mouth disease were in the top five which account about 73. 06% of all cases. The distribution of disease showed doublepeaked. Respiratory disease was the most frequent infectious disease in students（ 57. 71%）. About 51. 24% of the cases were vaccine-preventable diseases. Conclusion The infectious diseases prevention should be focus on the acute respiratory infections. B class infectious diseases prevention should be focus on the high school students,while the C class is the primary school students.Relevant departments should take their own responsibilities in infectious disease prevention and treatment.

关 键 词：疾病特征 学生 因素分析 统计学 

分 类 号：R174.6[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R183[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]