传染病医院艾滋病职业暴露监测分析与防控策略  

Monitoring and strategies of AIDS prevention and control of occupational exposure in infectious disease hospitals

作　　者：钱静娟[1] 黄利华[2] 钟亚君[1] 陈菊娣[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省无锡市第五人民医院医院感染管理科,214005 [2]江苏省无锡市第五人民医院传染科,214005 [3]江苏省无锡市第五人民医院护理部,214005

出　　处：《护理管理杂志》2015年第4期269-270,共2页Journal of Nursing Administration

摘　　要：目的分析传染病医院医务人员艾滋病职业暴露的特点,探讨防控策略,提高医务人员职业防护意识,降低暴露发生率。方法对医院2011年2月至2013年12月发生的8例艾滋病职业暴露从暴露时间、场所、暴露人员职业、年龄、暴露原因、暴露部位及暴露后干预处置、感染等方面的特点进行综合分析。结果艾滋病职业暴露发生率逐年增高,其中艾滋病病区为高发场所,占87.50%;年轻护士为高发人群,占87.50%;锐器伤是导致职业暴露的重要原因,占50.00%;手部及头面部是常见暴露部位,占100.00%;上午治疗高峰时段为职业暴露的高发时段,占62.50%。8例职业暴露均进行局部处置,进行干预随访后,无一例发生感染。结论目前传染病医院在艾滋病职业防护中存在防护意识薄弱,缺乏风险预见性,加强职业防护培训,提升高危人群防控意识是降低艾滋病职业暴露的重点。Objective To analyze the characteristics of AIDS occupational exposure among infectious disease hospital medical staffs,and to explore the strategies of prevention and control, so as to improve the occupational protection awareness of medical staffs and reduce the incidence of exposure. Methods To- tally,8 cases AIDS occupational exposure occurred from February 2011 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed from characteristics of exposure time, place, exposed personnel occupation, age, exposure reason, exposure parts, intervention after exposure. Results AIDS occupation exposure rate increased year by year, AIDS wards were the high places, which accounted for 87.50%. Young nurses were the high - risk population, which accounted for 87.50%. Sharp injury was the important cause of occupation exposure, which accounted for 50.00%. Exposed parts of body such as hands, head and face were commonly exposed areas, which accounted for 100.00%. Morning peak period for treatment was the high incidence period ,which accounted for 62.50%. All exposure cases received local treatment, no one was infected with follow - up. Conclusion The medical staff in infectious disease hospitals have relatively poor awearness of AIDS occupation protection, and are lack of risk predictability. Strengthening the occupational protection training, enhancing the awareness of prevention and control of high - risk groups are key points to reduce AIDS occupational exposure.

关 键 词：艾滋病 职业暴露 防控 

分 类 号：R472.6[医药卫生—护理学]