不同时期放牧对典型草原群落地上生产力的影响  

Effects of Different Grazing Periods on Aboveground Community Productivity of a Typical Steppe Grassland

作　　者：敖敦高娃[1] 宝音陶格涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2015年第2期28-34,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：科技部支撑项目(2011BAC07B01);国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2014CB138805);内蒙古重大基础研究开放项目(20110904)

摘　　要：基于草地适应性利用,采用样方法研究不同时期放牧对内蒙古典型草原区群落地上生产力的影响.结果表明：（1）以留茬高度10cm确定终牧期时,各放牧小区年度草地利用率在35.57％～54.79％之间.（2）以草地群落地上净生产力为目标时,2区（放牧期为5月31日～6月12日、7月27日～8月13日）群落地上净生产力与采食量显著高于其他小区,说明这种轮牧时间的搭配为较好的牧草资源利用方式.（3）随着终牧时间的后移季末群落地上现存量逐渐减少,各小区季末主要功能群生物量有所差异.（4）再生长期（放牧间期）,各小区均有较高的群落增长速率,即此时群落能够获得较高的地上现存量,其中2区（放牧间期为6月13日～7月26日）群落增长速率显著高于其他小区.Based on adaptive utilization of grassland, the effects of different grazing periods on the aboveground net primary production （ANPP） of a typical steppe community in Inner Mongolia were studied with quadrat method. The results showed that： （1） when the grazing and time was set according to the residual height （10cm）, the annul grass utilization rate for each plot was between 35.57% and 54.79% （2） Taking net productivity of aboveground grass community as objective, ANPP and feed intake of plot 2 （Grazing period from 31th. May to 12th. Jun; 27th. Jul to 13th. Aug） were significantly higher than other plots, suggesting that the use of a rotational grazing pattern was better in utilization of grassland re- sources; （3） Deferment of the grazing season would reduce the standing biomassof the grassland, and the biomass of plant functional groups differed among plots; （4） The regrowth rate of the grassland during the resting period was higher, implying a good feed supply to grazing animals, and the rate was the highest in plot 2（Resting period from 13th. Jun to 26th. Jul）.

关 键 词：放牧时期 群落地上生产力 植物功能群 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]