噪声对作业人员神经系统影响的调查研究  

Study on the effect of noise on nervous system of workers

作　　者：钱学全 郭文婕[1] 李隆倩 王伟红[1] 邓正聪[1] 张劲[1] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木油田医院,新疆维吾尔自治区库尔勒市841000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第6期729-731,734,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解噪声对作业人员神经系统的影响,为更好地保护噪声作业人员身体健康提供科学依据。方法选择某油田噪声作业人员2 261人为噪声组,以该油田既往无噪声接触史的机关、后勤服务人员1 258人为对照组,对两组人员进行职业健康检查,包括纯音听力测试及神经系统检查,结合噪声监测资料对检查结果进行分析。结果噪声组神经衰弱综合征的检出率显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）;噪声组不同性别各年龄段神经衰弱综合征检出率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,噪声组女性神经衰弱综合征检出率（24.9%）高于男性（19.3%）,二者之间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;噪声组不同工龄段神经衰弱综合征检出率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,不同工龄段神经衰弱综合征检出率之间比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,不同噪声强度神经衰弱综合征检出率之间比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;噪声组神经衰弱综合征检出率与年龄、工龄之间均无相关关系（r=0.011~0.032,P〉0.05）,与噪声强度之间呈正相关关系（r=0.082,P〈0.001）。结论噪声对神经系统存在有害影响,对女性的影响更严重,与年龄、工龄无明显相关性,与噪声强度存在剂量-反应关系。[ Objective ] To understand the impact of noise on workers ＂ nervous system, and provide scientific basis for better protection of the noise-exposed workers in good health. [Methods] Totally 2 261 noise-exposed workers in a oil field were selected as noise group, another 1 258 agencies and logistics service workers without noise exposure were selected as control group. Occupational examination, including pure tone audiometric test and neurological examination was performed. The test results were analyzed combined with noise monitoring data. [Results] Neurasthenic syndrome detection rate in noise group was significantly higher than the control group （P〈0.01）. Compared noise group with control group in different gender and age, neurasthenic syndrome detection rate was significantly different（P〈0.05）. Neurasthenic syndrome detection rate of female（24.9%） was higher than male （19.3%）, with significant difference （P〈0.01）.Neurasthenic syndrome detection rate of different service length workers was significantly different between noise group and control group （P〈0.01）. Neurasthenic syndrome detection rate was significantly different between workers of different work length （P〈0.01）. Neurasthenic syndrome detection rate was significantly different between workers exposed to noise with different intensity （P〈0.01）. Noise neurasthenic syndrome detection rate showed no correlation with age and length of service （r=0.011-0.032, P〉0.05）, but positive correlation with the intensity of noise （r=0.082, P〈0.001）.[Conclusion] Noise possesses harmful effects on nervous system, especially on female, it is not related with age and service length, but showed a dose-response relationship with noise intensity.

关 键 词：噪声 作业人员 神经系统 神经衰弱综合征 

分 类 号：R136.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]